Quenya 

quet-

say, speak

quet- vb. "say, speak" (SA:quen-/quet-, LT2:348), sg. aorist quetë in VT41:11 and VT49:19 (spelt "qete" in the latter source), not to be confused with the infinitival aorist stem in the example polin quetë "I can speak" (VT41:6); pl. aorist quetir in VT49:10-11, present tense quéta in VT41:13, pa.t. quentë in PM:401, 404, apparent gerund quetië in VT49:28 (by Tolkien translated as "words", but more literally evidently *"speaking"). Imperative in the command queta Quenya! "speak Quenya!" (PE17:138), see Quenya regarding the meaning of this phrase. The same verb is translated "tell" in the sentence órenya quetë nin "my heart tells me" (VT41:15). Cf. also #maquet-

quet-

verb. to say, speak, tell, to say, speak, tell, [ᴱQ.] talk

Cognates

  • S. ped- “to say, speak” ✧ PE17/040; SA/quen
  • T. pet- “to tell” ✧ VT41/11

Derivations

  • KWET “say, speak, utter words” ✧ PE17/126; SA/quen
    • KWE “vocal speech” ✧ WJ/392

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
KWET > qet-[kwet-]✧ PE17/126
quet- > quet-[kwet-]✧ SA/quen

Variations

  • quĕt- ✧ PE17/040
  • qet- ✧ PE17/126
Quenya [PE17/040; PE17/126; PE17/137; PE17/138; PE17/160; PE17/167; PE17/181; PE22/158; PM/401; PM/404; SA/quen; VT41/06; VT41/11; VT41/13; VT49/11; VT49/19; VT49/28] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-ima

fair

-ima adjectival suffix. Sometimes it is used to derive simple adjectives, like vanima "fair" or calima "bright"; it can also take on the meaning "-able" (PE17:68), as in mátima "edible" (mat- "eat"), nótima "countable" (not- "count") and (with a negative prefix) úquétima "unspeakable" (from quet- "speak"). Note that the stem-vowel is normally lengthened in the derivatives where -ima means "-able", though this fails to occur in cenima "visible" (q.v., but contrast hraicénima, q.v.) and also before a consonant cluster as in úfantima "not concealable" (PE17:176). "X-ima" may mean "apt to X" (when the ending is added to an intransitive verbal stem), as in Fírimar "mortals", literally "those apt to die" (WJ:387). The adj. úfantima "not concealable" (PE17:176) also appears as úfantuma (PE17:180), indicating the existence of a variant ending -uma (possibly used to derive adjectives with a "bad" meaning; compare the ending *-unqua next to -inqua, q.v.)

vanë

fair

vanë adj. "fair" (LT1:272; in Tolkien's later Quenya rather vanya)

vanë

adjective. fair, fair, [ᴱQ.] lovely

Derivations

  • BAN “beauty (due to lack of fault or blemish); fair, beautiful” ✧ PE17/056

Element in

  • Q. úvanë(a) “without beauty”
  • Q. vanessë “beauty” ✧ PE17/056
  • Q. vanië “beauty” ✧ PE17/056
  • Q. vanima “beautiful, fair, beautiful, fair, *handsome; [ᴱQ.] proper, right, as it should be, fair” ✧ PE17/056

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
BAN > vane[bani] > [bane] > [βane] > [vane]✧ PE17/056

Variations

  • vane ✧ PE17/056

linda

fair, beautiful

linda adj. "fair, beautiful" (of sound) (SLIN, LIND; VT45:27), "soft, gentle, light" (PE16:96), "beautiful, sweet, melodious of sound" (PE17:150); for Linda as a noun, see Lindar.

alima

fair, good

alima adj. "fair, good" (also alya) (PE17:146)

alya

fair, good

alya (1) adj. "fair, good" (PE17:146), "prosperous, rich, abundant, blessed" (GALA). In a deleted entry in Etym, the glosses provided were "rich, blessed"; another deleted entry defined alya as "rich, prosperous, blessed". (GALA, [ÁLAM], VT42:32, 45:5, 14)

vanya

fair

vanya (1) adj. "fair" (FS), "beautiful" (BAN), a word referring to beauty that is "due to lack of fault, or blemish" (PE17:150), hence Arda Vanya as an alternative to Arda Alahasta for "Arda Unmarred" (ibid., compare MR:254). Nominal pl. Vanyar "the Fair", the first clan of the Eldar; the original meaning of this stem was "pale, light-coloured, not brown or dark" (WJ:382, 383, stem given as WAN), "properly = white complexion and blonde hair" (PE17:154, stem given as GWAN); stems BAN vs. WAN discussed, see PE17:150.

Sindarin 

ped-

verb. to speak, to say

Sindarin [pedo, arphent LotR/II:IV, TL/21:09] Group: SINDICT. Published by

ped-

say

_ v. _say. Q. quĕt-. >> pedo

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:40] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

fael

adjective. fair minded, just, generous

Sindarin [PM/352] Etym. "having a good fëa". Group: SINDICT. Published by

pedo

verb. speak! say!

Sindarin [LotR/II:IV, Letters/424] Group: SINDICT. Published by

bain

fair

_ adj. _fair, good, blessed, wholesome, favourable, without evil/bad element, not dangerous, evil or hostile. bân or bain << bân pl. bain. >> bân

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:150] < BAN beauty, with implication that it is due to _lack of fault_ or _blemish_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

bain

fair

bain (beautiful). Lenited vain. No distinct pl. form.

bain

fair

(beautiful). Lenited vain. No distinct pl. form.

bân

adjective. fair

_ adj. _fair, good, wholesome, favourable, not dangerous, evil or hostile. bân or bain << bân pl. bain. >> bain

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:150] < BAN beauty, with implication that it is due to _lack of fault_ or _blemish_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

gwain

adjective. fair

adj. fair. . This gloss was rejected.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:140] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

gwana

noun/adjective. fair

Changes

  • gwaingwana “fair, general word for Elves” ✧ PE17/140

Derivations

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
wanasō > gwana[wanasō] > [wanaso] > [wanaho] > [gwanaho] > [gwanah] > [gwana]✧ PE17/140

Variations

  • gwain ✧ PE17/140 (gwain)
Sindarin [PE17/140] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gwân

adjective. fair

_ adj. _fair, pale.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:165] < _gwan_ < GWAN pale, fair. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

lind

adjective. fair

Derivations

  • LIN “sing, make a musical sound, sing, make a musical sound, [ᴱ√] gentle”

Element in

  • S. Linhir “Fair Stream” ✧ RC/587

Variations

  • lin ✧ RC/587 (lin)

ped

speak

ped- (i **bêd**, i phedir) (say), pa.t. pent (attested in mutated form -phent); the imperative pedo is also attested.: No word simply meaning “spear” is attested, but cf. the following:

ped

speak

(i bêd, i phedir) (say), pa.t. pent (attested in mutated form -phent); the imperative pedo is also attested.

ped

say

ped- (i **bêd**, i phedir) (speak), pa.t. pent (attested in mutated form -phent); the imperative pedo is also attested.

ped

say

(i bêd, i phedir) (speak), pa.t. pent (attested in mutated form -phent); the imperative pedo is also attested.

Adûnaic

bith-

verb. to say

A verbal form of Ad. bêth “expression, saying, word” attested only as an agental-formation as part of the noun izindu-bêth “true-sayer” (SD/427); see that entry for further discussion of its phonetic development. As suggested by Thorsten Renk suggested (NBA/24, 26), the verb stem is probably bith-, consistent with its primitive root ✶Ad. √BITH. Since agental forms generally have a lengthened or fortified vowel, the verb stem bith- could have the fortified agental form -bêth.

Derivations

  • √Ad. BITH “say”
    • KWET “say, speak, utter words”
    • KWE “vocal speech” ✧ WJ/392

Element in

Primitive elvish

kwet

root. say, speak, utter words

Derivations

  • KWE “vocal speech” ✧ WJ/392

Derivatives

  • √Ad. BITH “say”
    • Ad. bêth “expression, saying, word”
    • Ad. bith- “to say”
  • kwentrō “speaker, reciter, narrator, minstrel” ✧ PE18/100; PE19/083
    • Q. quentaro “speaker, reciter, speaker, reciter; [ᴹQ.] narrator, minstrel” ✧ PE18/100; PE19/083
    • S. pethron “speaker, reciter, speaker, reciter, [N.] narrator, minstrel” ✧ PE18/100
  • kwet- “say!”
  • kwetnā “saying, proverb” ✧ PE19/086
    • Q. quenna “saying, proverb” ✧ PE19/086
  • Q. quet- “to say, speak, tell, to say, speak, tell, [ᴱQ.] talk” ✧ PE17/126; SA/quen
  • Q. quetta “word” ✧ PE17/046; SA/quen
  • S. ped- “to say, speak” ✧ SA/quen
  • S. peth “word” ✧ PE17/046; SA/quen

Element in

Variations

  • QUET ✧ PE17/046; PE17/181
  • quet- ✧ SA/quen
  • KWETE ✧ WJ/392
Primitive elvish [PE17/046; PE17/126; PE17/158; PE17/181; PE18/100; PE19/083; PE19/086; SA/quen; WJ/391; WJ/392] Group: Eldamo. Published by

bani

adjective. fair

Element in

  • Q. vanië “beauty” ✧ PE17/057
  • Q. vanima “beautiful, fair, beautiful, fair, *handsome; [ᴱQ.] proper, right, as it should be, fair” ✧ PE17/057

Variations

  • vanĭ ✧ PE17/057
Primitive elvish [PE17/057] Group: Eldamo. Published by

wanyā

adjective. fair

Derivations

  • (G)WAN “pale, fair” ✧ WJ/383

Derivatives

  • Q. Vanya “Fair Elves, the Fair” ✧ WJ/380; WJ/383
    • T. Vania “Vanya” ✧ WJ/383

Variations

  • wanjā ✧ WJ/380; WJ/383
Primitive elvish [WJ/380; WJ/383] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Primitive adûnaic

bith

root. say

A root glossed “say” (SD/416), from which bêth “expression, saying, word” is most likely derived. It may be related to the Primitive Elvish root √KWET; see the entry on bêth for further discussion.

Derivations

  • KWET “say, speak, utter words”
    • KWE “vocal speech” ✧ WJ/392

Derivatives

  • Ad. bêth “expression, saying, word”
  • Ad. bith- “to say”
Primitive adûnaic [SD/416] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Qenya 

qet-

verb. to say

Derivations

  • ᴹ√KWET “say”

Element in

  • ᴹQ. [[mq|laqe[t]-]] “[unglossed]”
  • ᴹQ. ni qente (sa) e·tule “I said he is coming, I said (that) he was coming” ✧ PE22/119
  • ᴹQ. ni qente (sa) e·tulle “I said he came, I stated that (at some time previous to my speaking) he came (but was no longer present)” ✧ PE22/119
  • ᴹQ. ni qente (sa) e·utúlie “I said he had come” ✧ PE22/119
  • ᴹQ. ni qete (sa) e·tule “I say (that) he is coming” ✧ PE22/119
  • ᴹQ. ni qetis tule “I tell him to come, say to him to come, bid him to come” ✧ PE22/118
  • ᴹQ. ni·te·qete tule “I tell him to come, say to him to come, bid him to come” ✧ PE22/118
  • ᴹQ. qeqetta- “to repeat, keep on saying”
  • ᴹQ. qettima “utterable”
  • ᴹQ. avaqet- “to refuse, forbid”

Variations

  • quete- ✧ SM/206
Qenya [PE22/118; PE22/119; SM/206] Group: Eldamo. Published by

vanima

adjective. fair

Derivations

  • ᴹ√BAN “*beauty” ✧ Ety/BAN

Element in

  • ᴹQ. Vanimo “The Beautiful; Fair Folk” ✧ Ety/BAN

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√BAN > vanima[banima] > [βanima] > [vanima]✧ Ety/BAN

Middle Primitive Elvish

kwet

root. say

Derivatives

  • ᴹ✶kwentā “tale” ✧ Ety/KWET
    • ᴹQ. qenta “tale, story, account, history” ✧ Ety/KWET
    • N. pent “tale, story” ✧ Ety/KWET
  • ᴹ✶kwentrō “narrator, reciter, minstrel” ✧ Ety/KWET; PE18/050; PE19/040
    • Ilk. cwindor “narrator” ✧ Ety/KWET
    • ᴹQ. qenso “minstrel” ✧ PE19/040
    • ᴹQ. qentaro “narrator, reciter, minstrel” ✧ Ety/KWET; PE18/050; PE19/040
    • N. pethron “narrator, reciter, minstrel” ✧ Ety/KWET
    • On. pentro “reciter, minstrel” ✧ PE18/050
    • N. pethron “narrator, reciter, minstrel” ✧ PE18/050
    • ᴹT. pentro “reciter, minstrel” ✧ PE18/050
  • ᴹ✶kwetta “word” ✧ Ety/KWET
    • N. peth “word” ✧ Ety/KWET
  • ᴹQ. qetil “tongue, language, talk” ✧ Ety/KWET
  • ᴹQ. qet- “to say”
  • N. pennas “history” ✧ Ety/KWET

Element in

  • ᴹQ. lúmeqenta “history, chronological account” ✧ Ety/LU
  • ᴹQ. avaqet- “to refuse, forbid” ✧ Ety/KWET

Variations

  • PET ✧ Ety/KWET
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/KWET; Ety/LU; PE18/050; PE19/040] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Noldorin

ped-

verb. to say

Derivations

  • ᴱ√QETE “*speak”

Element in

  • En. peidion “sayer, soothsayer” ✧ PE13/164
Early Noldorin [PE13/132; PE13/152; PE13/164] Group: Eldamo. Published by