Quenya 

Poldórëa

valiant

Poldórëa adj. "Valiant"; as title of Tulkas replaced by Astaldo (POL/POLOD, MR:146, 149. In GL:64, poldórëa is glossed "mighty", in QL:75, "muscular".)

poldórëa

masculine name. Valiant; Breaker up of the Hard/Tough

Changes

  • Poldórëa → Astaldo ✧ MR/149
  • Poldórëa → Astaldo ✧ MRI/Astaldo
  • Poldórëa → Astaldo “Valiant” ✧ MRI/Poldórëa

Variations

  • Poldórea ✧ MR/146; PE17/181
  • Poldor ✧ PE17/181
  • Poldorno ✧ PE17/181
Quenya [MR/146; MR/149; MRI/Astaldo; MRI/Poldórëa; PE17/181] Group: Eldamo. Published by

poldorë

strong, burly

poldorë noun? (not glossed, derived from polda "strong, burly": possibly "strength" as an abstract) (POL/POLOD)

Poldor

breaker up of the hard / tough

Poldor, Poldomo noun "breaker up of the hard / tough", Poldor- "land-breaker?", variant forms of Poldórëa, q.v., introduced at a time when Tolkien did not want the root POL to refer to strength or mightiness (PE17:181), cf. polda from an earlier source.

Astaldo

the valiant

Astaldo noun "the Valiant", a title of Tulkas (Silm, MR:438); replaced Poldórëa.

astaldo

masculine name. Valiant

The sobriquet of Tulkas (S/28), a masculinized form of the adjective astalda “strong” (PE17/115).

Conceptual Development: In the earliest Lost Tales, the sobriquet of Tulkas was ᴱQ. Poldórea (LT1/79), which was the adjective ᴱQ. poldórea “muscular” used as a name (QL/75). The name ᴹQ. Poldórea still appeared in Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s, variously glossed “Strong One” or “Valiant” (SM/79, LR/206). It appeared in The Etymologies as an adjectival form of ᴹQ. poldore “physical strength; might” from the root ᴹ√POL(OD) “physically strong” (Ety/POL).

In later writings, the name Q. Poldórëa appeared in Tolkien’s Words, Phrases and Passages from the Lord of the Rings from the 1950s, along with variants Poldor and Poldorno, where he considered a new meaning for this name as “breaker up of the hard/tough” with its second element coming from the root √DOR “hard” (PE17/181). Ultimately, though the name was changed to Astaldo in Silmarillion revisions from the 1950s-60s (MR/149).

Elements

WordGloss
astalda“strong, *valiant”
Quenya [LT1/080; LT1I/Astaldo; MR/149; MRI/Astaldo; MRI/Poldórëa; S/028; SI/Astaldo; SI/Tulkas] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Turcafinwë

strong, powerful (in body) finwë

Turcafinwë masc. name, "strong, powerful (in body) Finwë", masc. name; he was called Celegorm in Sindarin. Short Quenya name Turco. (PM:352), compare #turco "chief" (q.v.)

Sindarin 

bell

strong

1) (in body) *bell, lenited vell, pl. bill. Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” belt. 2)

bell

strong

lenited vell, pl. bill. Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” belt.

thalion

strong

thalion (steadfast, dauntless), pl. thelyn. Also used as a noun ”hero, dauntless man”.

thalion

strong

(steadfast, dauntless), pl. thelyn. Also used as a noun ”hero, dauntless man”.

Primitive elvish

stal

root. strong

The unglossed root ᴹ√STALAG appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s with derivatives like N. thala “stalwart, steady, firm” and N. thalion “hero, dauntless man” (Ety/STÁLAG), the latter a sobriquet of Húrin typically translated as “Steadfast” in the narratives themselves (S/199). Similar forms appeared in Early Noldorin Word-lists from the 1920s derived from the primitive form ᴱ✶stalga (PE13/153).

The root √STAL “strong” was mentioned in passing as the basis for the adjective Q. astalda in a rejected page associated with roots having to do with “large & small” words, probably from the late 1960s (PE17/115; VT47/26 note #26). The name Q. Astaldo “Valiant” appeared as a sobriquet of Tulkas in later versions of The Silmarillion (S/28), replacing the earlier name Q. Poldórëa of similar meaning (MR/146, 149; LR/206). For purposes of Neo-Eldarin, I would assume √STAL (and its derivatives) means “✱valiant” rather than “strong”.

Derivatives

  • ᴺQ. astal “valour”
  • Q. astalda “strong, *valiant” ✧ PE17/115

Element in

  • ᴺS. thalas “valour, courage”
Primitive elvish [PE17/115; PE17/185] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Noldorin 

belt

adjective. strong in body

Noldorin [Ety/352, Tengwestie/20031207] Group: SINDICT. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Qenya 

poldórea

adjective. strong, strong-bodied, strong, strong-bodied, [ᴱQ.] muscular, powerful

A word appearing in The Etymologies of the 1930s as an unglossed adjective form of ᴹQ. poldore under the root ᴹ√POL(OD) “physically strong” (Ety/POL). In the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s Tolkien translated ᴱQ. poldōrea as “muscular” under the early root ᴱ√POLO “have strength” (QL/75) and in Early Qenya Word-lists of the 1920s it was translated as “️powerful” (PE16/137). In the Quenya Verbal System (QVS) of 1948 Tolkien used this word in two phrases: ᴹQ. mólome mára poldóreain “hard work (is) good for the strong-bodied” and ᴹQ. ha mólome a·ndake poldórear “it is hard work to kill the strong” (PE22/123 note #130). The section where these two phrases appeared was rejected, but this rejection had to do with a change in the verb “to be” and not this adjective for “strong”.

The most notable use of this adjective was as a sobriquet for Tulkas dating all the way back to the 1910s, which Tolkien translated as “Strong One” (SM/79) or “Valiant” (LR/206). This sobriquet survived until Silmarillion drafts of the 1950s, where Tolkien revised it to Astaldo “Valiant” (MR/149). Despite this change, I think poldórea might be retained for “strong of body, muscular”, since √POL continued to appear in Tolkien’s writings in connection to physical ability.

Element in

Elements

WordGloss
poldore“*physical strength, [ᴱQ.] physical strength; might”

Variations

  • Poldórea ✧ Ety/POL
Qenya [Ety/POL; PE22/123] Group: Eldamo. Published by

poldórea

masculine name. Strong One, Valiant

Variations

  • Poldórëa ✧ LR/206; LRI/Poldórëa; SM/079; SMI/Poldórëa
Qenya [Ety/POL; LR/206; LRI/Poldórëa; SM/079; SMI/Poldórëa] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Doriathrin

beleg

masculine name. Strong

Cognates

  • N. beleg “great, large” ✧ Ety/BEL

Elements

WordGloss
bel“strength”
Doriathrin [Ety/BEL; LRI/Beleg; RSI/Beleg; SMI/Beleg] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Old Noldorin 

belda

adjective. strong

Derivations

  • ᴹ√BEL “strong” ✧ Ety/BEL

Derivatives

  • N. belt “strong in body” ✧ Ety/BEL

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√BEL > belda[belda]✧ Ety/BEL
Old Noldorin [Ety/BEL] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Middle Primitive Elvish

bel

root. strong

Derivatives

  • ᴹ✶belē “strength” ✧ Ety/BEL
    • Ilk. bel “strength” ✧ Ety/BEL
  • ᴹ✶bélekā “mighty, huge, great” ✧ Ety/BEL
    • On. beleka “mighty, huge, great” ✧ Ety/BEL
    • N. beleg “great, large” ✧ Ety/BEL
    • ᴹT. belka “excessive” ✧ Ety/BEL
  • On. belda “strong” ✧ Ety/BEL
    • N. belt “strong in body” ✧ Ety/BEL
  • On. belle “strength” ✧ Ety/BEL
  • ᴹT. belda “strong” ✧ Ety/BEL
  • ᴹT. belle “(physical) strength” ✧ Ety/BEL

Element in

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/BEL; Ety/DING; Ety/STARAN] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ber

root. valiant

A root in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “valiant”, its most notable derivative is the name S. Beren “Bold”. It had a variety of derivatives having to do with daring, such as ᴹQ. verya-/N. bertha- “to dare” and ᴹQ. verya/N. beren “bold”. The continued appearance of the name Beren in the later versions of The Silmarillion implies the root remained valid, but this name was only translated in The Etymologies of the 1930s, so it could have shifted in meaning.

Derivatives

  • Ilk. bereth “valor” ✧ Ety/BER
  • ᴹ✶berō “valiant man, warrior” ✧ Ety/BER; Ety/BES
    • Ilk. ber “valiant man, warrior” ✧ Ety/BER
    • Dan. beorn “man” ✧ Ety/BES
  • ᴹ✶bérya- “to dare” ✧ Ety/BER
    • ᴹQ. verya- “to dare” ✧ Ety/BER
  • ᴹQ. verie “boldness, boldness, *daring” ✧ Ety/BER
  • ᴹQ. verya “bold, bold, *brave” ✧ Ety/BER
  • On. berina “bold, brave” ✧ Ety/BER
    • N. beren “bold” ✧ Ety/BER
  • On. bertha- “to be bold” ✧ Ety/BER
    • N. bertha- “to dare” ✧ Ety/BER
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/BER; Ety/BES] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Middle Telerin

belda

adjective. strong

Cognates

  • N. belt “strong in body” ✧ Ety/BEL

Derivations

  • ᴹ√BEL “strong” ✧ Ety/BEL
Middle Telerin [Ety/BEL] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

driog

adjective. valiant

Solosimpi

vica

adjective. valiant

Cognates

  • En. gweg “man, male (being)” ✧ PE13/162

Derivations

Solosimpi [PE13/162] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

poldórea

masculine name. Poldórea

Changes

  • Poldórëa → Astaldo ✧ LT1/080

Cognates

  • G. Polodweg “Tulcus” ✧ GL/18; LT1A/Poldórëa; PE14/012

Elements

WordGloss
poldórea“muscular, powerful”

Variations

  • Poldórëa ✧ LT1/079; LT1A/Poldórëa; LT1I/Poldórëa
  • Poldōrea ✧ PE14/012; QL/095
Early Quenya [GL/18; LT1/079; LT1A/Poldórëa; LT1I/Poldórëa; PE14/012; QL/095] Group: Eldamo. Published by

poldórea

adjective. muscular, powerful

Cognates

Element in

Variations

  • poldōrea ✧ GL/64; QL/075
Early Quenya [GL/64; PE16/137; QL/075] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tulka

adjective. strong

Changes

  • tulka → tulka “steady, strong” ✧ PE16/137

Derivations

  • ᴱ√TULUKU “*steady, firm”
Early Quenya [PE16/137] Group: Eldamo. Published by

turka

adjective. strong

Derivations

  • ᴱ√TURU “am strong”
Early Quenya [PE16/137] Group: Eldamo. Published by

vika

adjective. valiant

Cognates

  • En. gweg “man, male (being)” ✧ PE13/162

Derivations

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ✶wikā > vika[wikā] > [wika] > [vika]✧ PE13/162
Early Quenya [PE13/162] Group: Eldamo. Published by