Ilweran, Ilweranta noun "rainbow" (GL:74) (The Etymologies gives helyanwë.)
Quenya
iluquinga
rainbow
Ilweran
rainbow
helyanwë
rainbow
helyanwë noun "rainbow", lit. "sky-bridge" (3EL)
iluquinga
rainbow
Ilweran
rainbow
Ilweran, Ilweranta noun "rainbow" (GL:74) (The Etymologies gives helyanwë.)
helyanwë
rainbow
helyanwë noun "rainbow", lit. "sky-bridge" (3EL)
ninniach
noun. rainbow
ninniach
noun. rainbow
A noun for “rainbow” in the name Cirith Ninniach “Rainbow Cleft” (S/238). Ninniach “rainbow” is perhaps a combination of the S. nîn “watery” and S. iach “ford”, perhaps a metaphorical ford of water across the sky. The long nn in the initial element ninn- is tricky to explain, but might be an example of an exchange of a long vowel īn with a long consonant inn; hat-tip to Elaran for this suggestion.
Conceptual Development: The name Cirith Ninniach (and hence the word for “rainbow”) went through quite a few changes. The earliest iteration of the name was G. Cris a Teld Quing Ilon “Gully of the Rainbow Roof” (PE15/21) so that quing ilon “✱bow of heaven” was “rainbow”, but this was quickly revised to G. Cris Ilbranteloth which was the form used in the early narratives (LT2/150, 202). G. ilbrant “rainbow” appeared in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s with variant ilvrant (GL/50). By popular etymology, this was connected to G. brant “bow”, but that was not correct (GL/24). The second element was actually G. rantha “bridge” (GL/65), and the b came from its initial element G. ilbar “heaven[s]” (GL/50), so it literally meant “✱heaven-bridge”.
In Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s, the name of the pass was changed to N. Cris-Ilfing >> Cirith Helvin “Rainbow Cleft” (SM/141, 146). Both ilfing and helvin have unclear etymologies, but they are probably early iterations of N. eilian(w) “rainbow, (lit.) sky-bridge” from The Etymologies of the 1930s, a combination of ᴹ√ƷEL “sky” with N. ianw “bridge” (Ety/ƷEL, YAT), with variant elianw (EtyAC/YAT). Cirith Ninniach “Rainbow Cleft” emerged in Silmarillion revisions from the 1950s-60s (WJ/256, 299).
Neo-Sindarin: Noldorin eilian(w) “sky-bridge” might be adapted into Neo-Sindarin as ᴺS. eiliant using later S. iant for “bridge”, as suggested in HSD (HSD), but I see no reason not to just use attested S. ninniach for “rainbow”.
Element in
- S. Cirith Ninniach “Rainbow Cleft” ✧ S/238
Elements
Word Gloss nîn “wet, *watery” iach “ford” Variations
- Ninniach ✧ S/238
eiliant
noun. rainbow
ninniach
rainbow
(pl. ninniaich). The word appears to mean ✱”slender-crossing”.
eilian
rainbow
eilian (pl. eiliain). Archaic elianw (so the coll. pl. may be eilianwath).
eilian
rainbow
1) eilian (pl. eiliain). Archaic elianw, hence maybe coll. pl. eilianwath. 2) ninniach (pl. ninniaich). The word appears to mean *”slender-crossing”.
eilian
noun. rainbow
eilianw
noun. rainbow
Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!
ilbrant
noun. rainbow
Cognates
- Eq. ilweran(ta) “bridge of heaven, rainbow” ✧ GL/65; LT1A/Ilweran
Element in
- G. Cris Ilbranteloth “Gully of the Rainbow Roof” ✧ GL/50; LT1A/Ilwë
Elements
Word Gloss ilbar “heaven, the uttermost region beyond the world” rantha “arch, bridge” Variations
- Ilbrant ✧ GL/24; GL/65; LT1A/Ilweran
- ilvrant ✧ GL/50
- Ilvrant ✧ LT1A/Ilweran
ilvrant
noun. rainbow
iluqinga
noun. rainbow
Element in
- Eq. Ilqingi
- Eq. Kiris Iluqingatelda “Gully of the Rainbow Roof” ✧ LT2A/Teld Quing Ilon
Variations
- Iluqinga ✧ LT1A/Ilweran
- ILQIN ✧ QL/042
- ILUQINGA ✧ QL/042
ukku
noun. rainbow
Changes
ukko→ ukku ✧ QL/098Derivations
- ᴱ√UQU “wet” ✧ QL/098
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴱ√UQU > ukku [ukʷkū] > [ukʷku] > [ukku] ✧ QL/098 Variations
- ukko ✧ QL/098 (
ukko)
iluquinga ("q") noun "rainbow" (LT2:348)