Quenya 

coina

alive

coina _("k")_adj. "alive" (LT1:257; Tolkien's later Quenya also has cuina, though coina may still be a valid word: properly, the root of words for "life" is coi- rather than cui-, the latter referring to "awakening" instead)

cuina

alive

cuina ("k")adj. "alive" (KUY). See coina.

Noldorin 

cuina-

verb. to be alive

Noldorin [Ety/366] Group: SINDICT. Published by

cuin

adjective. alive

Noldorin [Ety/366] Group: SINDICT. Published by

cuin

adjective. alive

An adjective for “alive” in The Etymologies of the 1930s based on the root ᴹ√KUY “come to life, awake” (Ety/KUY).

Conceptual Development: In the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s Tolkien had G. cuib “alive” (GL/27) and in Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s Tolkien had ᴱN. cuif (cuiv-) “alive” (PE13/141).

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. kuina “alive” ✧ Ety/KUY

Derivations

  • ᴹ√KUY “come to life, awake” ✧ Ety/KUY

Element in

  • ᴺS. cuinas “vitality, liveliness”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√KUY > cuin[kujna] > [kuina] > [kuin]✧ Ety/KUY

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Qenya 

kuina

adjective. alive

An adjective appearing as ᴹQ. kuina “alive” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from the root ᴹ√KUY “come to life, awake” (Ety/KUY).

Conceptual Development: A similar adjective ᴱQ. koina “living, alive” appeared in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s based on the early root ᴱ√KOẎO “have life” (QL/48).

Neo-Quenya: Tolkien vacillated between the two roots √KOY and √KUY for “life”; I prefer to use √KOY for purposes of Neo-Eldarin, so I’d use ᴺQ. coina for “alive”. For “living” I’d using the word Q. coirëa from the 1950s (PM/399).

Cognates

  • N. cuin “alive” ✧ Ety/KUY

Derivations

  • ᴹ√KUY “come to life, awake” ✧ Ety/KUY

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√KUY > kuina[kuina]✧ Ety/KUY

Gnomish

cuib

adjective. alive

Derivations

Element in

  • G. cuibri “vitality” ✧ GL/27

cuilog

adjective. alive, lively

A word appearing as G. cuilog “alive, lively” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, an adjectival form of G. cuil “life” (GL/27). Tolkien specified that this word was “usually metaph[oric]”, so probably “lively” was a better translation than “alive”.

Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I’d update this word to ᴺS. cuileb “lively” using the later adjective suffix -eb, but for “alive” I’d use [N.] cuin.

Element in

Early Noldorin

cuif

adjective. alive

Derivations

Early Noldorin [PE13/141] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

koirea

adjective. alive, lively

Variations

  • koirëa ✧ LT1A/Koivië-néni
Early Quenya [LT1A/Koivië-néni; QL/048] Group: Eldamo. Published by