Quenya 

imbë

between

imbë (1) prep "between" (Nam, RGEO:67, VT47:11, PE17:92). This is "between" referring to a gap, space, barrier, or anything intervening between two other things, like or unlike one another (compare enel). The pluralized form imbi implies "among" of several things (ancalima imbi eleni "brightest among stars"); "in the sense 'among' before plurals [imbë] is usually pluralized > imbi even when a plural noun follows". As pointed out by Patrick Wynne, imbi may also be used in the sense of "between" before two singular nouns connected by "and" (as in the example imbi Menel Cemenyë "between heaven and earth"), whereas imbë is used before dual forms, as in the examples imbë siryat "between two rivers", imbë met "between us". Elided imb' in the phrase imb' illi "among all" (VT47:11, 30). A dual form imbit is also mentioned, used to express "in absolute form the sense 'between two things' when these are not named" (apparently meaning that imbit expresses *"between them" referring to two entities, with no noun following) (VT47:30, PE17:92)

imbë

dell, deep vale

imbë (2) noun "dell, deep vale" (VT45:18), "wide ravine (between high mountain sides)" (PE17:92)

imbë

in(wards)

imbë (3) adv. "in(wards)" (obsoleted by #1 and #2 above?). Changed by Tolkien from imba (VT45:18)

imbë

preposition/adverb. between, among, between, among; [ᴹQ.] in(wards)

Derivations

  • imbi “between” ✧ PE17/092; VT47/11; VT47/30
    • MI/IMI “in, within, [ᴹ√] inside” ✧ PE17/092; VT47/11; VT47/30

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
imbĭ > imbĕ[imbi] > [imbe]✧ PE17/092
imbi > imbe[imbi] > [imbe]✧ VT47/11
imbĭ > imbĕ[imbi] > [imbe]✧ VT47/30

Variations

  • imbë ✧ LotR/0377; PE17/091; VT47/30
  • imbe ✧ PE17/073; PE17/135; RGEO/59; VT47/11
  • imbĕ ✧ PE17/092; VT47/30
  • ímbe ✧ RGEO/58
Quenya [LotR/0377; PE17/073; PE17/091; PE17/092; PE17/135; RGEO/58; RGEO/59; VT47/11; VT47/30] Group: Eldamo. Published by

imbë

noun. deep valley, wide ravine, (lit.) tween-land, deep valley, (wide) ravine, [ᴹQ.] glen, dell, (lit.) tween-land

A Quenya noun that is more or less the equivalent of S. imlad for a deep (and relatively narrow) valley or a wider-than-normal ravine.

Conceptual Development: ᴹQ. imbe “dell, deep vale” appeared in the Qenya Lexicon as a derivative of ᴹ√IMBE, which was also the basis for N. imm and N. imlad of the same meaning (EtyAC/IMBE). The form imbe “dell” appeared as a (deleted) name for a tengwar in notes on the Feanorian Alphabet from the early to mid 1940s (PE22/52). The word imbe “ravine, glen” appeared in rough (and ultimately rejected) notes on irregular verbs from the Quenya Verbal System of the late 1940s, where Tolkien contrasted it with ᴹQ. tumbo used of wide valleys, indicating imbe meant the valley was narrow (PE22/127). In this note Tolkien again connected imbe to N. im(b)lad as in N. Imladris, and gave the fuller Quenya form ᴹQ. latimbe its actual equivalent.

However in notes from the late 1960s on Galadriel and Celeborn, Tolkien gave Q. imbilat as the equivalent of S. imlad, and mentions primitive ✶imbē as an ancient word for a “cleft of great length in mountains between very high stone walls”, a variant of ✶imbi “between” (NM/355). This contradicts an earlier etymology given by Tolkien for imbe around 1965, where Tolkien said:

> imbĕ < imbĭ [between] is a strengthened form of √IMI “in, within” giving the preposition > mi “in” ... The noun imbe (< imbē) is also probably a derivative, or felt to be: meaning a deep valley or wide ravine between high mountain sides (as Rivendell): sc. = “tween-land”. It is possibly from a similar but different stem √IBI, and to be compared with S îf (< ✱īb-), a cliff, a sheer descent (PE17/92).

Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I would use imbe as the normal word for “deep valley”, and assume the more elaborate forms latimbe and imbilat exist only as hypothetical counterparts to S. imlad and were not used as actual words. I would also assume imbe is either a narrow valley or a wide ravine, as opposed to Q. tumbo which was a deep valley and Q. nan(do) for a wide valley. I would further assume it was derived from √MI/IMI as in the late 1960s notes on Galadriel and Celeborn, and assume the 1965 derivation from √IBI was a transient idea.

Derivations

  • MI/IMI “in, within, [ᴹ√] inside”
  • imbē “deep valley, wide ravine” ✧ PE17/092
    • IBI “*cliff, sheer descent” ✧ PE17/092

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
imbē > imbe[imbē] > [imbe]✧ PE17/092

Variations

  • imbe ✧ PE17/092

imba

imba

[imba], see imbë #2

imbi

imbi

imbi, pluralized form of imbë #1, q.v.

imbit

imbit

imbit, dualized form of imbë #1, q.v.

nierwes

hive

nierwes noun "hive" (LT1:262)

tumba

deep valley

tumba noun "deep valley" (Letters:308; SA:tum and TUB gives tumbo "valley, deep valley"); apparently an extended form *tumbalë in tumbalemorna "deepvalleyblack" or (according to SA:tum) "black deep valley", also tumbaletaurëa "deepvalleyforested"; see Taurelilómëa-tumbalemorna...

tumba

adjective. deep valley, [ᴹQ.] deep, lowlying; [Q.] deep valley

The adjective ᴹQ. tumba “deep, lowlying” appeared in rough (and ultimately rejected) notes on irregular verbs from the Quenya Verbal System of the late 1940s as a derivative of ᴹ√TUB “fall low, go down” (PE22/127). In a 1961 letter to Rhona Beare tumba was glossed “deep valley” as an element in the Entish phrase Q. Taurelilómëa-tumbalemorna Tumbaletaurëa Lómëanor “Forestmanyshadowed-deepvalleyblack Deepvalleyforested Gloomyland” (Let/308; LotR/467), but I think this is only an approximate translation, and the word is better understood as adjectival in sense: “✱like a deep valley”. As further evidence of this, in notes from the late 1960s the form tumba was changed to a more typical noun form Q. tumbo in the name Q. i Tumbo Tarmacorto “the Vale of the High Mountain Circle” (NM/351).

Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I’d treat this word as an adjective only, and use Q. tumbo for the noun.

Changes

  • TumbaTumbo ✧ NM/351

Element in

Variations

  • Tumba ✧ NM/355 (Tumba)
Quenya [Let/308; NM/355] Group: Eldamo. Published by

enel

between

enel prep. "between" = "at the central position in a row, list, series, etc. but also applied to the case of three persons" (VT47:11). This preposition refers to the position of a thing between others of the same kind; compare imbë.

mitta

preposition/adverb. between, [ᴹQ.] inwards, into, [ᴱQ.] in; [Q.] between

Derivations

  • MI/IMI “in, within, [ᴹ√] inside” ✧ VT43/30

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
mi > mitta-[mitta]✧ VT43/30

Variations

  • mitta- ✧ VT43/30

mitta-

between

mitta- (2) prep. "between" (VT43:30; the final hyphen may suggest that suffixes would normally follow)

fásë

gap, gulf

fásë noun "gap, gulf" (GL:36)

nieres

noun. hive

Elements

WordGloss
nier“(honey) bee”
Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/adaptations. Published by

Sindarin 

im

preposition. between

Derivations

  • MI/IMI “in, within, [ᴹ√] inside”

Element in

Variations

  • im ✧ S/123

im

noun. dell, deep vale

This word only survived in compounds (due to the clash with im.1 )

Sindarin [imlad, imloth, imrath, imrad, VT/45:18, VT/47:14] Group: SINDICT. Published by

gass

gap

(i ’ass, construct gas) (hole), pl. gais (i ngais = i ñais)

im

between

(prep.) im (within), also as prefix im- ”between, inter-”. Note: homophones include the pronoun ”I” and a noun mening ”dell, deep vale”. The word mîn (min-) means ”between” referring to a gap, space, barrier or anything intervening between two other things (VT47:11, 14)

im

between

(within), also as prefix im- ”between, inter-”. Note: homophones include the pronoun ”

im

dell

im (deep vale), no distinct pl. form (though the pl. article in will mark the word as pl. when definite). The word typically occurs, not by itself, but in compounds like imlad, imloth, imrath, imrad (VT45:18, VT47:19)

im

dell

(deep vale), no distinct pl. form (though the pl. article in will mark the word as pl. when definite). The word typically occurs, not by itself, but in compounds like imlad, imloth, imrath, imrad (VT45:18, VT47:19)

níwost

noun. hive

Elements

WordGloss
nîw“bee”
ost“fort, fortress, stronghold, citadel; fortified town; enclosure, fort, fortress, stronghold, citadel; (fortified) town, [N.] city; [orig.] [S.] enclosure, [G.] yard”
Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/adaptations. Published by

mîn

i

(min-) means ”between” referring to a gap, space, barrier or anything intervening between two other things (VT47:11, 14)

mi

between

mi (with article: min)

mi

between

(with article: min)

dîn

gap

1) dîn (i dhîn) (opening, mountain pass), no distinct pl. form except with article (i nîn); coll. pl. díniath. Note: a homophone means ”silence”. 2) gass (i **ass, construct gas) (hole), pl. gais (i ngais** = i ñais)

dîn

gap

(i dhîn) (opening,  mountain pass), no distinct pl. form except with article (i nîn); coll. pl. díniath. Note: a homophone means ”silence”.

tûm

deep valley

(under or among hills) tûm, tum- (i dûm, o thûm, construct tum), pl. tuim (i thuim)

tûm

deep valley

(under or among hills) tûm, tum- (i dûm, o thûm, construct tum), pl. tuim (i thuim). or

Telerin 

imbe

noun. gap, gully; low/narrow tract between high walls

Cognates

  • S. imlad “deep valley, narrow valley with steep sides, gap, gully, deep valley, narrow valley with steep sides, gap, gully, [N.] dell, glen” ✧ VT47/14

Derivations

  • imbi “between” ✧ VT47/14
    • MI/IMI “in, within, [ᴹ√] inside” ✧ PE17/092; VT47/11; VT47/30

Nandorin 

enel

preposition. between, in the middle

This form was supposedly recorded by the Loremasters (VT47:39). It is derived from a variant of the root ÉNED- "centre" (LR:356), since "d and l interchanged frequently in Common Eldarin" (VT47:39).

Nandorin [H. Fauskanger (LR:356, VT47:39)] < ÉNED-. Published by

Primitive elvish

imbē

noun. deep valley, wide ravine

Derivations

  • IBI “*cliff, sheer descent” ✧ PE17/092

Derivatives

  • Q. imbë “deep valley, wide ravine, (lit.) tween-land, deep valley, (wide) ravine, [ᴹQ.] glen, dell, (lit.) tween-land” ✧ PE17/092
Primitive elvish [NM/355; PE17/092] Group: Eldamo. Published by

imbi

preposition. between

Derivations

  • MI/IMI “in, within, [ᴹ√] inside” ✧ PE17/092; VT47/11; VT47/30

Derivatives

  • Q. imbë “between, among, between, among; [ᴹQ.] in(wards)” ✧ PE17/092; VT47/11; VT47/30
  • S. im “valley, valley; [N.] dell, deep vale” ✧ VT47/14
  • T. imbe “gap, gully; low/narrow tract between high walls” ✧ VT47/14

Element in

  • Q. imbilat “*deep valley” ✧ NM/355
  • S. imlad “deep valley, narrow valley with steep sides, gap, gully, deep valley, narrow valley with steep sides, gap, gully, [N.] dell, glen” ✧ NM/355

Variations

  • imbĭ ✧ PE17/092; VT47/30
Primitive elvish [NM/355; PE17/092; VT47/11; VT47/14; VT47/30] Group: Eldamo. Published by

mīni

preposition. between

Derivations

  • MI/IMI “in, within, [ᴹ√] inside” ✧ VT47/11

Derivatives

  • S. mîn “[thing] between; gap, space, barrier; anything intervening between two other things” ✧ VT47/11
Primitive elvish [VT47/11] Group: Eldamo. Published by

yag

root. gap, gap; [ᴹ√] yawn, gape

This root appeared as ᴹ√YAG “yawn, gape” in The Etymologies of the 1930s with derivatives like ᴹQ. yáwe/N. iau “ravine, cleft, gulf” and N. ia “gulf”, the last of these the final element in N. Moria (Ety/YAG). The root √YAG was mentioned several times in Tolkien’s later writings, usually in connection to S. Moria (Let/383; PE17/35, 42). In one place it was given the gloss “gap” (PE17/42).

Derivatives

  • yagā ✧ Let/383
    • S. “chasm, pit; void, abyss, chasm, pit; void, abyss; [N.] gulf” ✧ Let/383
  • S. “chasm, pit; void, abyss, chasm, pit; void, abyss; [N.] gulf” ✧ PE17/035

Variations

  • YAGA ✧ PE17/042; PE17/191
Primitive elvish [Let/383; PE17/035; PE17/042; PE17/191] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Noldorin 

imbe

masculine name. Ingwë

@@@

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶Ingwege “Ingwe” ✧ EtyAC/ING

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶ingwege > Imbe[iŋgwege] > [imbege] > [imbeɣe] > [imbe]✧ EtyAC/ING
Noldorin [EtyAC/ING] Group: Eldamo. Published by

imb

noun. dell, deep vale

This word only survived in compounds (due to the clash with im.1 )

Noldorin [imlad, imloth, imrath, imrad, VT/45:18, VT/47:14] Group: SINDICT. Published by

im

noun. dell, deep vale

This word only survived in compounds (due to the clash with im.1 )

Noldorin [imlad, imloth, imrath, imrad, VT/45:18, VT/47:14] Group: SINDICT. Published by

imm

noun. dell, deep vale

This word only survived in compounds (due to the clash with im.1 )

Noldorin [imlad, imloth, imrath, imrad, VT/45:18, VT/47:14] Group: SINDICT. Published by

imm

noun. dell, deep vale

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. imbe “dell, deep vale, ravine, glen” ✧ EtyAC/IMBE

Derivations

  • ᴹ√IMBE “dell, deep vale” ✧ EtyAC/IMBE

Element in

  • N. imlad “dell, deep vale, glen” ✧ EtyAC/IMBE

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√IMBE > im(b) > imm[imbe] > [imb] > [imb] > [imm] > [im]✧ EtyAC/IMBE
Noldorin [EtyAC/IMBE] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Qenya 

imbe

adverb. in(wards)

Changes

  • imbaimbe ✧ EtyAC/IMÍ

Derivations

  • ᴹ√MĪ/IMI “in, inside” ✧ EtyAC/IMÍ

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√IMÍ > imbe[imbe]✧ EtyAC/IMÍ

Variations

  • imbe ✧ EtyAC/IMÍ
  • imba ✧ EtyAC/IMÍ (imba)

imbe

noun. dell, deep vale, ravine, glen

Cognates

  • N. imm “dell, deep vale” ✧ EtyAC/IMBE

Derivations

  • ᴹ√IMBE “dell, deep vale” ✧ EtyAC/IMBE

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√IMBE > imbe[imbe]✧ EtyAC/IMBE

Variations

  • imbe ✧ EtyAC/IMBE; PE22/052 (imbe); PE22/127 (imbe)
Qenya [EtyAC/IMBE; PE22/052; PE22/127] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Middle Primitive Elvish

imbe

root. dell, deep vale

Derivations

Derivatives

  • ᴹQ. imbe “dell, deep vale, ravine, glen” ✧ EtyAC/IMBE
  • N. imm “dell, deep vale” ✧ EtyAC/IMBE
Middle Primitive Elvish [EtyAC/IMBE] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

niost

noun. hive

A word appearing as G. niost “hive” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s based on G. nio(s) “bee” (GL/60). The second element might be G. ost “enclosure; town”.

Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin I would adapt this words as ᴺS. níwost “hive”, a combination of ᴺS. nîw “bee” and S. ost “city, town”.

Cognates

Derivations

  • ᴱ√NEHE “*honey” ✧ GL/59

Elements

WordGloss
nio(s)“bee”
ost“enclosure, yard; town”

gobli

noun. dell

A noun in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “dell” (GL/40), an elaboration on G. gob “hollow of hand” so perhaps originally meaning “✱hollowness”.

Gnomish [GL/40; LT1A/Kópas] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Primitive Elvish

nḷdle

noun. dell

Derivations

Derivatives

  • Eq. nal “dale, dell” ✧ QL/066
Early Primitive Elvish [QL/066] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

imbe

noun. hive

A word for “hive” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s derived from the early root ᴱ√IɃI “to swarm” (QL/41).

Derivations

  • ᴱ√IɃI “to swarm” ✧ QL/041

Element in

  • Eq. imbile “swarm, flock” ✧ QL/041

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√IɃI > imbe[imbē] > [imbe]✧ QL/041
Early Quenya [PME/041; QL/041] Group: Eldamo. Published by

nierwe

noun. hive

nierwes

noun. hive

A word appearing as ᴱQ. nierwes (nierwest-) “hive” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, an elaboration of ᴱQ. nier “honey bee” (QL/65); the editors indicated the stem consonants st were unclear. It appeared as nierwe “hive” in the contemporaneous Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa (PME/65).

Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I would adapt this word as ᴺQ. nieres (nieress-) “hive” as a reduction of an abstract noun form nieresse = “a bee-ness”.

Cognates

Variations

  • nierwe ✧ PME/041; PME/065
Early Quenya [LT1A/Nielluin; PME/041; PME/065; QL/065] Group: Eldamo. Published by

nalle

noun. dell