Quenya 

sa

it

sa pron. "it", 3rd person sg, corresponding to the ending -s (VT49:30). Used of inanimate things or abstracts (VT49:37; plants are considered animate; see se). For sa as object, cf. the sentence ecë nin carë sa "I can do it" (VT49:34). Stressed (VT49:51). Ósa "with it" (VT43:36). Also compare the reflexive pronoun insa "itself", q.v. In one text, sa is also defined as "that" (VT49:18); apparently Tolkien also at one point considered giving sa a plural significance, so that it meant *"they, them" of inanimate things, the counterpart of "personal" (VT49:51).

sa

pronoun. it

Quenya [PE 22:156] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

Sindarin 

a

interjection. O!

See also ai.1 and ae.1

Sindarin [Letters/308] Group: SINDICT. Published by

a

interjection. O!

Element in

Variations

  • A ✧ LB/354; LotR/0238; LotR/0729; LotR/0729; RGEO/63; RGEO/64; RGEO/64; RGEO/64
  • a ✧ Let/279
  • Ae ✧ VT44/22
Sindarin [LB/354; Let/279; LotR/0238; LotR/0729; RGEO/63; RGEO/64; VT44/22] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Ae

interjection. O!

See also ai.1 and a.2

Sindarin [VT/44:21,22] Group: SINDICT. Published by

ae

interjection. O!

ten

pronoun. (?) it (as object)

Sindarin [caro den VT/44:21,25-6] Group: SINDICT. Published by

ha

it

ha, han, hana. (The distinctions between these forms are unclear. Possibly ha is the nominative, whereas han is the accusative. Hana could be an emphatic form. It may be that these pronouns as ”N” rather than Sindarin proper.)

ha

it

han, hana. *(The distinctions between these forms are unclear. Possibly ha is the nominative, whereas han is the accusative. Hana could be an emphatic form. It may be that these pronouns as ”N” rather than Sindarin proper.)*

Noldorin 

ha

pronoun. it

Noldorin [Ety/385, LotR/II:IV, X/EI] Group: SINDICT. Published by

ha

pronoun. it

Derivations

  • ᴹ√S “demonstrative stem” ✧ Ety/S

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√S > ha[sa] > [ha]✧ Ety/S

Variations

  • hana ✧ Ety/S
Noldorin [Ety/S; TI/182] Group: Eldamo. Published by

hana

pronoun. it

Noldorin [Ety/385, LotR/II:IV, X/EI] Group: SINDICT. Published by

hana

pronoun. it


Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Qenya 

ha

pronoun. it, subjective abstract particle

Element in

Qenya [PE22/119; PE22/120; PE22/123] Group: Eldamo. Published by

the

pronoun. it

Element in

Qenya [PE22/119; PE22/123] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

ha

pronoun. it; 3rd sg. neut. pronoun

Element in

  • Eq. (h)áva “*its; 3rd sg. neut. possessive emphatic” ✧ PE14/052
  • Eq. ha·matsir “one eats it, it is eaten” ✧ PE14/056; PE14/085
  • Eq. (h)a·tule “it comes (some definite thing)” ✧ PE14/052
  • Eq. ha·tule “it (some definite thing) comes” ✧ PE14/085
  • Eq. hu·karne ha min “he did it first (i.e. either before anyone else did so, or before he did anything else)” ✧ PE14/084
  • Eq. hea “it (emphatic); 3rd sg. neut. pronoun” ✧ PE14/052
  • Eq. ha- “*its; 3rd sg. neut. possessive” ✧ PE14/052
  • Eq. unlunke naiqe yu vaile·na ar elle ha men ambostuva “*he pulled his sword from the sheath and drove it into the breast” ✧ PE16/146

Variations

  • ha- ✧ PE14/052; PE14/085
  • a- ✧ PE14/052
  • (h)a ✧ PE14/052
Early Quenya [PE14/052; PE14/053; PE14/056; PE14/084; PE14/085; PE16/146] Group: Eldamo. Published by

a

pronoun. it

Element in

Early Quenya [PE14/046] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ai

interjection. o!, ha!

@@@ appears as ail in later printings vs. early printing ai!

Cognates

  • G. ai “oh!”

Derivations

  • ᴱ√AYA “honour, revere” ✧ QL/034

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√AY̯A > ai[aja] > [ajǝ] > [aj] > [ai]✧ QL/034

Variations

  • Ai ✧ VT40/08; VT40/08
Early Quenya [QL/034; VT40/08] Group: Eldamo. Published by

a-

prefix. it; 3rd sg. neut. pronoun