Quenya 

endë

core, centre, middle

endë noun "core, centre, middle" (NÉD, EN, VT48:25)

endë

noun. centre, middle, centre, middle; [ᴹQ.] core

Changes

  • enedente ✧ VT41/12

Cognates

  • S. enedh “centre, middle, centre, middle; [N.] core” ✧ VT48/25
  • T. ened “middle” ✧ VT48/25

Derivations

  • ENED “centre, middle; three” ✧ VT48/25

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ened/l > ende[enede] > [ende]✧ VT48/25

Variations

  • ente ✧ VT41/12
  • ened ✧ VT41/12 (ened)
  • ende ✧ VT48/25
Quenya [VT41/12; VT48/25] Group: Eldamo. Published by

enda

heart

enda noun "heart", but not referring to the physical organ; it literally means "centre" (cf. endë) and refers to the fëa (soul) or sáma (mind) itself. (VT39:32)

entë

center

entë (2) noun "center" (VT41:16; endë is perhaps to be preferred, see entya)

entë

noun. centre

Element in

  • Q. entya “central, middle”

enquë

cardinal. six

enquë ("q") cardinal "six" (ÉNEK, VT48:4, 6, 9, VT49:57); enquëa ordinal "sixth" (VT42:25); see also enquië. According to VT48:8, the word for "six" may have been encë ("k") in very early Quenya (the form is asterisked by Tolkien), but this was altered to enquë under the influence of yunquë "twelve" (perceived as meaning "2 times 6", *yú-enquë, with the prefix - "twi-").

enquë

cardinal. six

Cognates

  • S. eneg “six” ✧ PE17/095; VT48/06; VT48/08
  • T. enec “six” ✧ VT48/06; VT48/08

Derivations

  • ENEK “six” ✧ PE17/095; VT48/07; VT48/08; VT48/09; VT48/10

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
enk- > enque[eŋkwe]✧ PE17/095
eneke/enke > enque[eneke] > [eŋke] > [eŋkwe]✧ VT48/07
eneke > enke > enque[eneke] > [eŋke] > [eŋkwe]✧ VT48/08
enek > enekw > enque[eneke] > [eŋke] > [eŋkwe]✧ VT48/09
enekwe > enque[enekwe] > [eŋkwe]✧ VT48/10

Variations

  • enque ✧ PE17/095; VT48/06; VT48/07; VT48/08; VT48/09; VT48/10
Quenya [PE17/095; VT48/06; VT48/07; VT48/08; VT48/09; VT48/10] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tólë

centre

tólë noun "centre" (LT1:269; the word endë is to be preferred in Tolkien's later Quenya)

indo

heart, mood

indo (1) noun "heart, mood" (ID), "state" (perhaps especially state of mind, given the other glosses) (VT39:23), "mind, region/range of thought, mood" (PE17:155, 179), "inner thought, in fea as exhibited in character or [?personality]" (PE17:189). In another post-LotR source, indo is translated "resolve" or "will", the state of mind leading directly to action (VT41:13). Indo is thus "the mind in its purposing faculty, the will" (VT41:17). Indo-ninya,a word occurring in Fíriels Song, translated "my heart" (see ninya). In the compound indemma "mind-picture", the first element would seem to be indo.

elwen

heart

elwen noun "heart" (LT1:255; rather hón or enda in LotR-style Quenya)

entya

central, middle

entya, enetya adj. "central, middle" (VT41:16; these forms, as well as the noun entë "centre", come from a late, somewhat confused source; the adjective #endëa and the noun endë from earlier material may fit the general system better, and #endëa is even found in the LotR itself as part of the word atendëa, q.v.)

hón

heart

hón noun "heart" (physical) (KHŌ-N); hon-maren "heart of the house", a fire (LR:63, 73; this is "Qenya" with genitive in -en, not -o as in LotR-style Quenya read *hon-maro?)

órë

heart

órë (1) noun "heart" (inner mind), also name of tengwa #21 (Appendix E), "premonition" (VT41:13), "nearest equivalent of 'heart' in our application to feelings, or emotions (courage, fear, hope, pity, etc.)" (VT41:13). The órë apparently defines a person's personality, cf. the description of Galadriel in PM:337, that "there dwelt in her the noble and generous spirit (órë) of the Vanyar". Órenya "my heart" (VT41:11).

Sindarin 

ened

noun. centre

ened

noun. core, centre, middle

While the word is written enedh in the Etymologies, it seems that Tolkien considered and reconsidered its form throughout his life. Late rough jottings (c. 1968), as well as the text of letter no. 168 and the fact that the toponym Enedwaith was never changed on the LotR map, seem to imply that ened is the (most) definitive form. See also the possibly related preposition ned , which has sometimes been suggested to mean "in" (while again a prefix nedh- is seen in the Etymologies)

Sindarin [Ety/356, Ety/376, UT/450, Letters/224, VT/41:12,] Group: SINDICT. Published by

eneg

cardinal. six

Sindarin [Ety/356, VT/42:25,31, VT/48:6,8] Group: SINDICT. Published by

eneg

cardinal. six

Cognates

  • Q. enquë “six” ✧ PE17/095; VT48/06; VT48/08

Derivations

  • ENEK “six” ✧ PE17/095; VT48/08

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
enk- > eneg-[eneke] > [enek] > [eneg]✧ PE17/095
eneke > eneg[eneke] > [enek] > [eneg]✧ VT48/08

Variations

  • eneg- ✧ PE17/095
Sindarin [PE17/095; VT42/25; VT48/06; VT48/08] Group: Eldamo. Published by

enedh

noun. centre, middle, centre, middle; [N.] core

@@@ Tolkien vacillated between enedh (< √ENED) and ened (perhaps < √ENET) in his later writings. In HSD/ened, it is suggested that ened is the likely “final” form based on Enedwaith as it appears in The Lord of the Rings and as discussed on Let/224. I prefer enedh for better compatibility with its Quenya cognate endë as in Q. enderi “middle-days” (LotR/1108, endë + “day”). If the Sindarin form were ened < √ENET, the corresponding Quenya form would instead be entë. Furthermore, in a general discussion of the uses of dh on VT42/20, Tolkien states that “Enedhwaith is misspelt”, possibly meaning that the normal spelling (Enedwaith) is not strictly correct.

Cognates

  • Q. endë “centre, middle, centre, middle; [ᴹQ.] core” ✧ VT48/25

Derivations

  • HENET “middle” ✧ VT41/16
  • ENED “centre, middle; three” ✧ VT48/25

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
HENET > ente > ened[ɣenet] > [enet] > [ened]✧ VT41/16
ened/l > eneð[ened] > [eneð]✧ VT48/25

Variations

  • Enedh ✧ UT/264
  • ened ✧ VT41/16
  • eneð ✧ VT48/25
Sindarin [UT/264; VT41/16; VT48/25] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gûr

noun. heart (in the moral sense), counsel

Sindarin [VT/41:11,15] Group: SINDICT. Published by

eneg

cardinal. six

eneg;

eneg

six

;

enedh

center

1) enedh (core, middle), pl. enidh, 2) nest (heart, core), pl. nist

enedh

center

(core, middle), pl. enidh

enedh

core

1) enedh (middle, center), pl. enidh, 2) nest (heart, center), pl. nist

enedh

core

(middle, center), pl. enidh

nest

center

(heart, core), pl. nist

ind

heart

(inner thought, mind, meaning), no distinct pl. form;, coll. pl. innath.

enecthui

sixth

also ✱engui (the latter is David Salo’s suggested normalized form of a word that actually appears as enchui in the source, but the longer form enecthui can be used to avoid the problem) (VT42:25).

nest

heart

(core, center), pl. nist. Also notice the prefix - apparently meaning ”heart”..

nest

core

(heart, center), pl. nist

gûr

heart

(i ’ûr, construct gur), pl. guir (i nguir = i ñuir). Note: A homophone means ”death”, but has different mutations. (VT41:11).

hûn

heart

1) (physical heart) hûn (i chûn, o chûn, construct hun), pl. huin (i chuin), 2) (inner mind) gûr (i **ûr, construct gur), pl. guir (i nguir = i ñuir). Note: A homophone means ”death”, but has different mutations. (VT41:11). 3) ind (inner thought, mind, meaning), no distinct pl. form;, coll. pl. innath. 4) nest (core, center), pl. nist. Also notice the prefix hû**- apparently meaning ”heart”..

hûn

heart

(i chûn, o chûn, construct hun), pl. huin (i chuin)

Telerin 

enec

cardinal. six

Cognates

  • Q. enquë “six” ✧ VT48/06; VT48/08

Derivations

  • ENEK “six” ✧ VT48/08

Variations

  • enec(e) ✧ VT48/08
Telerin [VT48/06; VT48/08; VT48/21] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Primitive elvish

enek

root. six

The root and words for “six” remained very similar throughout Tolkien’s life. The earliest form of this root was ᴱ√ENE “six” from the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, with the derivative ᴱQ. ende “six” (QL/35). In the Early Qenya Grammar of the 1920s, the Qenya word for “six” became ᴱQ. enqe [enkwe] with variant enekse (PE14/49, 82), implying a primitive base ✱enek-. This primitive form was made explicit in The Etymologies of the 1930s, where the root was given as ᴹ√ENEK “six” with derivatives ᴹQ. enqe and N. eneg (Ety/ÉNEK). The root and its derivatives retained this form thereafter.

Tolkien spent a fair amount of time analyzing the origin of this root and the basis for the Q. addition of w in various notes on Elvish numbering systems written in 1968 (VT41, VT42, VT47, VT48). One connection Tolkien regularly made was between √ENEK “six” and √ENED “middle”, as “six” was the “middle” of the duodecimal system of numbering (VT41/16; VT48/9); in this respect it was probably an elaboration of the root √NEK “divide, separate, part” by analogy with √ENED (VT47/16; VT48/9). The Quenya -we may have been either a dual suffix based on “six” as twice three (VT48/10) or it might have been by analogy with other important duodecimal numbers like Q. minquë “eleven” and Q. yunquë “twelve” (48/7). Personally I find the second theory more compelling.

Derivatives

  • Q. enquë “six” ✧ PE17/095; VT48/07; VT48/08; VT48/09; VT48/10
  • S. eneg “six” ✧ PE17/095; VT48/08
  • ᴺS. eneph “sixteen”
  • T. enec “six” ✧ VT48/08

Element in

  • yūnekē “twelve, 2 sixes” ✧ VT47/41; VT48/08; VT48/09; VT48/10

Variations

  • enk- ✧ PE17/095
  • enek ✧ VT41/16 (enek); VT47/12; VT47/15; VT47/16; VT47/16; VT47/41; VT48/09; VT48/10
  • en-ek(w) ✧ VT42/24
  • eneke/enke ✧ VT48/07
  • eneke ✧ VT48/08
  • enekē̆ ✧ VT48/08
  • enekwe ✧ VT48/10
  • nekew ✧ VT48/10
Primitive elvish [PE17/095; VT41/16; VT42/24; VT47/12; VT47/15; VT47/16; VT47/41; VT48/07; VT48/08; VT48/09; VT48/10] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Noldorin 

eneg

cardinal. six

Noldorin [Ety/356, VT/42:25,31, VT/48:6,8] Group: SINDICT. Published by

eneg

cardinal. six

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. enqe “six” ✧ Ety/ÉNEK

Derivations

  • ᴹ√ENEK “six” ✧ Ety/ÉNEK

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√ÉNEK > eneg[eneke] > [enek] > [eneg]✧ Ety/ÉNEK
Noldorin [Ety/ÉNEK] Group: Eldamo. Published by

enedh

noun. core, centre, middle

While the word is written enedh in the Etymologies, it seems that Tolkien considered and reconsidered its form throughout his life. Late rough jottings (c. 1968), as well as the text of letter no. 168 and the fact that the toponym Enedwaith was never changed on the LotR map, seem to imply that ened is the (most) definitive form. See also the possibly related preposition ned , which has sometimes been suggested to mean "in" (while again a prefix nedh- is seen in the Etymologies)

Noldorin [Ety/356, Ety/376, UT/450, Letters/224, VT/41:12,] Group: SINDICT. Published by

enedh

noun. centre, middle, core

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. ende “centre, middle, core” ✧ Ety/ÉNED; Ety/NÉD

Derivations

  • ᴹ√(E)NED “centre, middle” ✧ Ety/ÉNED; Ety/NÉD

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√ÉNED > enedh[enede] > [eneðe] > [eneð]✧ Ety/ÉNED
Noldorin [Ety/ÉNED; Ety/NÉD] Group: Eldamo. Published by

hûn

noun. heart (physical)

Noldorin [Ety/364] Group: SINDICT. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Qenya 

ende

noun. centre, middle, core

Cognates

  • N. enedh “centre, middle, core” ✧ Ety/ÉNED; Ety/NÉD

Derivations

  • ᴹ√(E)NED “centre, middle” ✧ Ety/ÉNED; Ety/NÉD

Element in

  • ᴹQ. Arendien “Midyear’s Day”
  • ᴹQ. Endamar “Middle-earth” ✧ Ety/ÉNED
  • ᴹQ. Endien “Midyear (week)”
  • ᴹQ. Endor “Middle-earth” ✧ Ety/ÉNED

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√ÉNED > ende[enede] > [ende]✧ Ety/ÉNED
ᴹ√NÉD > ende[enede] > [ende]✧ Ety/NÉD
Qenya [Ety/ÉNED; Ety/NÉD] Group: Eldamo. Published by

enqe

cardinal. six

Cognates

  • N. eneg “six” ✧ Ety/ÉNEK

Derivations

  • ᴹ√ENEK “six” ✧ Ety/ÉNEK

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√ÉNEK > enqe[enekwe] > [eŋkwe]✧ Ety/ÉNEK

Middle Primitive Elvish

enek

root. six

Derivatives

  • ᴹQ. enqe “six” ✧ Ety/ÉNEK
  • N. eneg “six” ✧ Ety/ÉNEK

Variations

  • ÉNEK ✧ Ety/ÉNEK
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/ÉNEK] Group: Eldamo. Published by

(e)ned

root. centre, middle

Changes

  • EN/ENEDÉNED ✧ Ety/ÉNED

Derivatives

  • ᴹQ. ende “centre, middle, core” ✧ Ety/ÉNED; Ety/NÉD
  • ᴹQ. enya “middle, *central, middle” ✧ Ety/ÉNED
  • N. enedh “centre, middle, core” ✧ Ety/ÉNED; Ety/NÉD
  • N. nedh- “mid-” ✧ Ety/NÉD
  • N. nest “?heart, core”

Element in

  • ᴹQ. Endien “Midyear (week)” ✧ Ety/YEN
  • ᴹQ. Endor “Middle-earth” ✧ Ety/NDOR

Variations

  • NÉD ✧ Ety/ÉNED; Ety/NÉD
  • ÉNED ✧ Ety/NDOR; Ety/YEN
  • EN/ENED ✧ EtyAC/ÉNED (EN/ENED)
  • NED ✧ EtyAC/NĒ̆ (NED)
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/ÉNED; Ety/NDOR; Ety/NÉD; Ety/YEN; EtyAC/ÉNED; EtyAC/NĒ̆] Group: Eldamo. Published by

khōn

noun. heart

Derivations

  • ᴹ√KHO(N) “heart (physical)”

Variations

  • khō-n ✧ PE21/55
Middle Primitive Elvish [PE21/55; PE21/64; PE21/66] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

sectha

noun/adjective. centre

elf

noun. heart

Changes

  • elfelf(in) “feeling, heart” ✧ GL/32

Cognates

  • Eq. elwen “heart” ✧ LT2/202; PE15/23

Derivations

  • ᴱ√LEFE “*heart”

Element in

  • G. Elfrin(iol) “Littleheart” ✧ GL/32 (Elfriniol); GL/32 (elfrin)
  • G. Elfrith “Littleheart” ✧ LT2/202; PE15/23

Variations

  • elfeg ✧ GL/32 (elfeg)
  • Elf ✧ LT2/202; PE15/23
Gnomish [GL/32; LT2/202; PE15/23] Group: Eldamo. Published by

honn

noun. heart

Changes

  • hondhonn ✧ GL/49

Cognates

  • Eq. hon “heart”

Derivations

  • ᴱ√HONO “*heart”

Variations

  • hond ✧ GL/49 (hond)

ilf

noun. heart

Cognates

  • Eq. elwen “heart” ✧ LT1A/Ilverin

Derivations

  • ᴱ√LEFE “*heart”

Element in

  • G. Ilfrin “Littleheart” ✧ GL/50; LT1A/Ilverin; LT1A/Ilverin
  • G. Ilfrith “Dear Heart” ✧ GL/50; LT1A/Ilverin
Gnomish [GL/49; GL/50; LT1A/Ilverin] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Noldorin

lhonn

noun. heart

Changes

  • hondlhonn “heart” ✧ PE13/147
  • hondlhonn “heart” ✧ PE13/149

Cognates

  • Eq. hon “heart” ✧ PE13/149; PE13/162

Element in

  • En. urhonn “heartless” ✧ PE13/156

Variations

  • hond ✧ PE13/147 (hond); PE13/149 (hond)
  • honn ✧ PE13/156 (honn)
Early Noldorin [PE13/147; PE13/149; PE13/156; PE13/162] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Primitive Elvish

ene

root. six

Derivatives

  • Eq. ende “six” ✧ QL/035
Early Primitive Elvish [QL/035] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

ende

cardinal. six

Derivations

  • ᴱ√ENE “six” ✧ QL/035

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√ENE² > ende[endē] > [ende]✧ QL/035
Early Quenya [PME/035; QL/035] Group: Eldamo. Published by

enqe

cardinal. six

Cognates

Element in

  • Eq. en(ek)kea “sixteen” ✧ PE14/049
  • Eq. enqendóre “*sextillion” ✧ PE14/082
  • Eq. enqendóra “*six million” ✧ PE14/049
  • Eq. enekkainen “sixty” ✧ PE14/049
  • Eq. enetya “sixth” ✧ PE14/049
  • Eq. enqellume “*six times” ✧ PE14/049
  • Eq. enqesto “one sixth” ✧ PE14/049; PE14/049; PE14/082

Variations

  • enekse ✧ PE14/049; PE14/082
Early Quenya [PE14/049; PE14/082] Group: Eldamo. Published by

honde

noun. heart

enekse

cardinal. six

mekta

adjective. centre

Derivations

  • ᴱ√MEKE “*centre; aim” ✧ QL/060

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√MEKE > mekta[mektā] > [mekta]✧ QL/060
Early Quenya [QL/047; QL/060] Group: Eldamo. Published by

metl

noun. centre

Derivations

  • ᴱ√MEKE “*centre; aim” ✧ QL/060

Element in

  • Eq. mekilwa “central” ✧ QL/060

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√MEKE > metl[meklǝ] > [mekl] > [mekḷ] > [mekḷ] > [metḷ]✧ QL/060
Early Quenya [PME/060; QL/060] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tóle

noun. centre

Derivations

  • ᴱ√TOLO “*stick up” ✧ LT1A/Tol Eressëa; QL/094
    • ᴱ√TOŁᵂO “[unglossed]” ✧ PE12/016

Element in

  • Eq. tólea “central, middle” ✧ QL/094

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√TOLO > tōle[tōlē] > [tōle]✧ QL/094

Variations

  • tólë ✧ LT1A/Tol Eressëa
  • tōle ✧ QL/094
Early Quenya [LT1A/Tol Eressëa; QL/094] Group: Eldamo. Published by

elben

noun. heart

elwen

noun. heart

A word appearing as ᴱQ. Elben “heart” in the Name-list to the Fall of Gondolin of the 1910s (LT2/202; PE15/23), but as ᴱQ. Elwen “heart” in the contemporaneous Qenya Lexicon under the early root ᴱ√LEFE (QL/35, 52). These words were connected to the character G. Elfrith who vanished from later versions of the Legendarium.

Cognates

  • G. elf “heart” ✧ LT2/202; PE15/23
  • G. ilf “heart” ✧ LT1A/Ilverin

Derivations

  • ᴱ√LEFE “*heart” ✧ QL/035; QL/052

Element in

  • Eq. Elwenil(do) “Littleheart” ✧ LT1A/Ilverin (Elwenildo); LT2/202 (Elbenil)

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√LEFE > Elwen[elɸen] > [elβen] > [elwen]✧ QL/035
ᴱ√LEFE > elwen[elɸen] > [elβen] > [elwen]✧ QL/052

Variations

  • Elben ✧ LT2/202; PE15/23
  • Elwen ✧ QL/035
Early Quenya [LT1A/Ilverin; LT2/202; PE15/23; QL/035; QL/052] Group: Eldamo. Published by

hondo

noun. heart

londa

noun. heart

mekilwa

adjective. central

Early Quenya [QL/060] Group: Eldamo. Published by

hon

noun. heart

Changes

  • hondolonda “heart” ✧ PE13/162

Cognates

  • En. lhonn “heart” ✧ PE13/149; PE13/162
  • G. honn “heart”

Derivations

  • ᴱ√HONO “*heart” ✧ QL/040

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√HONO > hon[xondo] > [xondǝ] > [xond] > [hond] > [hon]✧ QL/040

Variations

  • londa ✧ PE13/149; PE13/162
  • hondo ✧ PE13/162 (hondo); QL/040
  • honde ✧ PE16/137
  • hon ✧ QL/040
Early Quenya [PE13/149; PE13/162; PE15/32; PE16/137; QL/040] Group: Eldamo. Published by