Emended by Tolkien from earlier cabad. This is our sole late example that basic verbs should perhaps form their gerund in -ed, whereas derived verbs are well attested to use -ad (cf. aderthad )
Quenya
cap-
verb. leap
halta-
to leap
Sindarin
cabed
noun. leap
Element in
- S. Cabed-en-Aras “Deer’s Leap” ✧ UT/150
- S. Cabed Naeramarth “Leap of Dreadful Doom” ✧ S/224
Elements
Word Gloss cab- “to leap, to leap, [G.] jump” -ed “gerund” Variations
- Cabed ✧ S/224; UT/150
cabed
gerund noun. leap
cabed
gerund noun. deep gorge
Emended by Tolkien from earlier cabad. This is our sole late example that basic verbs should perhaps form their gerund in -ed, whereas derived verbs are well attested to use -ad (cf. aderthad )
cab-
verb. to leap
cabed
leap
(i gabed, o chabed), pl. cebid (i chebid)
cabed
leap
(noun) cabed (i gabed, o chabed), pl. cebid (i chebid)
cab
leap
(i gâb, i chebir), pa.t. camp;
cab
leap
(vb.) cab- (i gâb, i chebir), pa.t. camp;
Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!
Middle Primitive Elvish
kap
root. leap, leap, [ᴱ√] spring
This root appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “leap” (Ety/KAP), and was simply a later iteration of ᴱ√KAPA “leap, spring” from the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s (QL/45). The root appeared in various other places in the 1920s (PE14/66), 30s (PE19/42) and 40s (PE22/102), always with the same meaning. The root itself did not appear in Tolkien’s later writing, but his continued use of derivatives like S. cabed “leap” (S/224) and S. cáfru “✱flea” < ✶kamprū (PE17/131) indicate its continued validity.
Derivatives
Element in
Gnomish
camp
noun. leap
Cognates
- Eq. kapanda “jump”
Early Noldorin
cais
noun. leap
Derivations
halta- vb. "to leap" (LT1:254)