Quenya 

úr(in)

proper name. Sun

A late remnant of earlier names for the Sun: ᴱQ. Ûr and ᴹQ. Úrin. In Silmarillion revisions from the 1950s-60s, this name was changed from Úrin >> Naira >> Vása (MR/198), but the form Úr(in) occasionally appeared in some later writings (PE17/148, MR/377). This name was a derivative of the root √UR “heat, be hot” (PE17/148).

Conceptual Development: In the earliest Lost Tales, this name was ᴱQ. Ûr, Ur or Úri “Sun”, but literally meaning “Fire” (LT1/187, QL/98). The name became ᴹQ. Úrin in Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s (LR/240). It was rejected in The Etymologies along with the root form ᴹ√UR, but reappeared sometimes in later writing as noted above.

Changes

  • ÚrinNaira ✧ MR/198

Derivations

  • UR “heat, be hot” ✧ PE17/148

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
UR > Úrin[ūrin]✧ PE17/148

Variations

  • Úrin ✧ MR/198 (Úrin); MRI/Úr; PE17/148
  • Úr ✧ MR/377; MRI/Úr
Quenya [MR/198; MR/377; MRI/Úr; PE17/148] Group: Eldamo. Published by

anar

noun. Sun

The most common Quenya name for the Sun derived from primitive ✶Anār, an augmented form of the root √NAR “fire” (Let/425; PE17/38; Ety/ANÁR; SD/302, 306).

Conceptual Development: This term appeared in Silmarillion drafts of the 1930s with the gloss “Heart of Flame” (LR/240) and as ᴹQ. Anar “sun” in The Etymologies of the 1930s, already with the derivation given above (Ety/ANÁR, NAR¹).

Cognates

  • S. Anor “Sun” ✧ PE17/038; SA/nár

Derivations

  • NAR “fire, fire, [ᴹ√] flame” ✧ Let/425; PE17/038
  • Anār “Sun” ✧ SA/nár
    • NAR “fire, fire, [ᴹ√] flame”

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
NAR > Anar[anār] > [anar]✧ Let/425
(A)NAR > anā̆r[anār] > [anar]✧ PE17/038
(a)nar > Anar[anār] > [anar]✧ SA/nár

Variations

  • anar ✧ MC/222; PE17/152
  • anā̆r ✧ PE17/038
Quenya [Let/425; MC/222; MR/044; MRI/Anar; NM/280; NM/281; PE17/038; PE17/148; PE17/152; PE21/86; S/099; SA/nár; SI/Anar; UT/022; UTI/Anar; WJI/Anar] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Sindarin 

anor

noun. Sun

The most common Sindarin name for the Sun derived from primitive ✶Anār, an augmented form of the root √NAR “fire” (PE17/38; Ety/ANÁR; SD/302-303, 306). The o is the result of ancient ā becoming au and then this au becoming o in polysyllables.

Conceptual Development: The term Anor was first mentioned in conjunction with early tales of Númenor (LR/41). It briefly appeared as N. {ánar >>} Anar “sun” in The Etymologies of the 1930s under the entry for ᴹ√NAR (Ety/NAR¹; EtyAC/NAR¹), but as Anor under ᴹ√ANÁR (Ety/ANÁR). In The Notion Club Papers of the 1940s it was Anor, archaic †Anaur (SD/302-303, 306) and it retained this form thereafter.

Cognates

  • Q. Anar “Sun” ✧ PE17/038; SA/nár
  • ᴹQ. Anar “Sun” ✧ SDI2/Anar

Derivations

  • NAR “fire, fire, [ᴹ√] flame” ✧ PE17/038
  • Anār “Sun” ✧ SA/nár
    • NAR “fire, fire, [ᴹ√] flame”

Element in

  • ᴺS. anóren “sunny”
  • S. Anórien “Sunlending, *(lit.) Sun-lands” ✧ SA/nár
  • ᴺS. coranor “solar year, (lit.) sun-round”
  • S. elanor “pimpernel, small golden star-shaped flower, (lit.) sun-star” ✧ PE17/055
  • S. Minas Anor “Tower of the (Setting) Sun” ✧ SA/nár
  • S. Oranor “*(lit.) Sun-day, Sunday”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
(A)NAR > anor[anār] > [anǭr] > [anaur] > [anor]✧ PE17/038

Variations

  • anor ✧ PE17/030; PE17/038; PE17/055
Sindarin [LotRI/Anor; PE17/030; PE17/038; PE17/055; RC/297; SA/nár; SDI2/Anar; SI/Anor] Group: Eldamo. Published by

naur

sun

(mainly in compounds as nar-, -nor) (flame, fire), pl. noer, coll. pl. norath.

anor

sun

(pl. Anoer if there is a pl.) Archaic Anaur (SD:306).

Adûnaic

ûri

noun. sun

A noun translated “sun” (SD/306, 428). This word appears in the forms ûrê, ûri and ûrî, but Tolkien declared that the form with long î is actually the personified form Ûrî “Lady of the Sun” (SD/426), perhaps the Adûnaic name of Q. Arien. The form ûrê only appears once (SD/426), so ûri is probably to be preferred as the ordinary word for Sun, especially since it is a neuter noun, which ordinarily cannot end in a long (SD/427). Tolkien lists the “later forms Uir, Ŷr” (SD/306), one of which may be the Westron word for “sun”, most likely Wes. uir. As suggested by several authors (AAD/24, EotAL/UR), ûri is probably derived from the Elvish root ᴹ√UR.

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. Anar “Sun” ✧ SD/306

Derivations

  • UR “heat, be hot”

Derivatives

  • Wes. uir “sun” ✧ SD/306

Element in

Variations

  • Ūri ✧ SD/306
  • ūrē ✧ SD/426
  • ūri ✧ SD/428
Adûnaic [SD/306; SD/426; SD/428] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Primitive elvish

anār

noun. Sun

Derivations

  • NAR “fire, fire, [ᴹ√] flame”

Derivatives

  • Q. Anar “Sun” ✧ SA/nár
  • S. Anor “Sun” ✧ SA/nár

Variations

  • (a)nar ✧ SA/nár
Primitive elvish [SA/nár] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Noldorin 

anaur

noun. Sun

anor

noun. Sun

Changes

  • ánarAnar ✧ Ety/NAR¹

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. Anar “Sun” ✧ Ety/ANÁR; Ety/NAR¹; LR/041; LRI/Anar; SD/306; SDI2/Anar

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶Anār “Sun” ✧ Ety/ANÁR; SD/302; SD/306
    • ᴹ√NAR “flame, fire” ✧ Ety/ANÁR
  • ᴹ√NAR “flame, fire” ✧ Ety/NAR¹

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶anār- > Anor[anārǝ] > [anār] > [anǭr] > [anour] > [anaur] > [anor]✧ Ety/ANÁR
ᴹ✶Anār > Anaur > Anor[anār] > [anǭr] > [anour] > [anaur] > [anor]✧ SD/302
ᴹ✶Anār > Anaur > Anor[anār] > [anǭr] > [anour] > [anaur] > [anor]✧ SD/306

Variations

  • Anar ✧ Ety/NAR¹
  • ánar ✧ EtyAC/NAR¹ (ánar)
  • Anaur ✧ SDI2/Anar (Anaur)
Noldorin [Ety/ANÁR; Ety/NAR¹; EtyAC/NAR¹; LR/041; LRI/Anar; LRI/Anor; SD/303; SD/306; SDI2/Anar] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Westron

uir

noun. sun

A word listed as a later form of Ad. ûri “sun” (SD/306) and therefore perhaps a Westron word, as suggested by Andreas Moehn (EotAL/UR). The other “later form” Ŷr is unlikely to be Westron, since y seems not to be a vowel in Westron.

Derivations

  • Ad. ûri “sun” ✧ SD/306
    • UR “heat, be hot”

Variations

  • Uir ✧ SD/306

Qenya 

anar

noun. Sun

Cognates

  • Ad. ûri “sun” ✧ SD/306
  • N. Anor “Sun” ✧ Ety/ANÁR; Ety/NAR¹; LR/041; LRI/Anar; SD/306; SDI2/Anar
  • S. Anor “Sun” ✧ SDI2/Anar

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶Anār “Sun” ✧ Ety/ANÁR; SD/306
    • ᴹ√NAR “flame, fire” ✧ Ety/ANÁR
  • ᴹ√NAR “flame, fire” ✧ Ety/NAR¹

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶anār- > Anar[anār] > [anar]✧ Ety/ANÁR
ᴹ√NAR¹ > Anar[anār] > [anar]✧ Ety/NAR¹
ᴹ✶Anār > Anar[anār] > [anar]✧ SD/306

Variations

  • anar ✧ PE22/019; PE22/023
Qenya [Ety/ANÁR; Ety/NAR¹; EtyAC/ANÁR; LR/041; LR/072; LR/240; LRI/Anar; PE22/019; PE22/023; SD/306; SDI2/Anar] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Middle Primitive Elvish

anār

noun. Sun

Derivations

  • ᴹ√NAR “flame, fire” ✧ Ety/ANÁR

Derivatives

  • ᴹQ. Anar “Sun” ✧ Ety/ANÁR; SD/306
  • N. Anor “Sun” ✧ Ety/ANÁR; SD/302; SD/306

Element in

Variations

  • anār- ✧ Ety/ANÁR
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/ANÁR; SD/302; SD/306] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

aur(a)

noun. Sun

A noun in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s appearing as Aur “Sun” (GL/20), probably a cognate of ᴱQ. Ûr from the root ᴱ√URU as suggested by Christopher Tolkien (LT1A/Ûr; QL/098). It appeared as aura in G. nalos·aura “sunset” and G. orosaura “sunrise” (GL/59, 62). The word G. aur “sun” was also mentioned in Gnomish Lexicon Slips with corrections for that document (PE13/114), but by The Etymologies of the 1930s, N. aur meant “day”, whereas N. Anor became the name of the Sun (Ety/ANÁR, AR¹).

Cognates

  • Eq. Ûr “Sun, (lit.) Fire” ✧ LT1A/Ûr

Derivations

  • ᴱ√URU ✧ LT1A/Ûr

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√URU > Aur[ūra] > [aura] > [aur]✧ LT1A/Ûr

Variations

  • Aur ✧ GL/20; GL/75; LT1A/Ûr; LT1I/Aur
  • aura ✧ GL/59; GL/62 (aura)
  • aur ✧ PE13/114
Gnomish [GL/20; GL/59; GL/62; GL/75; LT1A/Ûr; LT1I/Aur; PE13/114] Group: Eldamo. Published by

uril

proper name. Sun

Cognates

  • Eq. Ûr “Sun, (lit.) Fire” ✧ LT1A/Ûr

Derivations

  • ᴱ√URU ✧ LT1A/Ûr
Gnomish [GL/75; LT1A/Ûr] Group: Eldamo. Published by

galaduir

proper name. Sun

hŷr

noun. sun

A word appearing in the Gnomish Lexicon Slips of the 1910s as {ŷr >>} hŷr “sun” beside a variant G. aur of the same meaning (PE13/114).

Changes

  • ŷrhŷr ✧ PE13/114

Element in

  • G. Aura-nûmin “Sunset” ✧ PE13/114 (Hyrnymi)
  • G. Aurfaiglim “the Sun at noon” ✧ PE13/114 (Hýrfaiglin)
  • G. Auros ✧ PE13/114
  • G. hyrost “*dawn” ✧ PE13/114

Variations

  • ŷr ✧ PE13/114 (ŷr)

Early Noldorin

úr

noun. sun

Changes

  • húrúr ✧ PE13/155

Cognates

  • Eq. auro “sun” ✧ PE13/155
  • Et. úru ✧ PE13/155

Derivations

  • ᴱ✶ourū̆ “sun” ✧ PE13/155

Element in

Variations

  • húr ✧ PE13/155 (húr)
Early Noldorin [PE13/137; PE13/151; PE13/155] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Primitive Elvish

ourū̆

noun. sun

Changes

  • ourǝourū̆ ✧ PE13/155

Derivatives

  • Eq. auro “sun” ✧ PE13/155
  • En. úr “sun” ✧ PE13/155
  • Et. úru ✧ PE13/155

Variations

  • ourǝ ✧ PE13/155 (ourǝ)
Early Primitive Elvish [PE13/155] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

ahúra

noun. Sun

An early Qenya word for the Sun appearing in a word list from the 1920s (PE15/77). Its etymology is obscure.

Element in

Early Quenya [PE15/77] Group: Eldamo. Published by

auro

noun. sun

A noun appearing in Early Noldorin Word-lists as {ūru >>} auro, cognate of ᴱN. úr “sun”, and derived from {✶ourǝ >>} ✶ourū̆ (PE13/155). Elsewhere Q. Úr(in) was a name for the Sun from the 1910s up through the 1950s, but Tolkien eventually changed this to Vása (MR/198).

Changes

  • ūruauro ✧ PE13/155

Cognates

  • En. úr “sun” ✧ PE13/155

Derivations

  • ᴱ✶ourū̆ “sun” ✧ PE13/155

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ✶ourū̆ > auro[ouru] > [ouro] > [auro]✧ PE13/155

Variations

  • ūru ✧ PE13/155 (ūru)
Early Quenya [PE13/155] Group: Eldamo. Published by

sári

proper name. Sun

A name for the Sun in the earliest Lost Tales (LT1/186), probably a derivative of the root ᴱ√SAH(Y)A “be hot” as suggested by Christopher Tolkien (LT1A/Sári).

Derivations

  • ᴱ√SAH(Y)A “be hot” ✧ LT1A/Sári

Variations

  • Sāri ✧ PE14/014
Early Quenya [LRI/Sári; LT1/186; LT1/198; LT1A/Sári; LT1I/Sári; PE14/014; SMI/Sári] Group: Eldamo. Published by