Quenya 

tel

roof

tel noun "roof" (LT1:268). Rather tópa in Tolkiens later Quenya.

tópa

roof

tópa noun "roof" (TOP)

tópa-

roof

tópa- vb. "roof" (TOP)

róta

tube

róta noun "tube" (LT2:347)

rauta

metal

rauta noun "metal" [meaning changed by Tolkien from "copper"]. Notice that in the LotR, the word for metal is given as tinco. (RAUTĀ)

tinco

metal

tinco noun "metal" (TINKŌ), also name of tengwa #1 (Appendix E, there spelt "tinco", but "tinko" in Etym); tincotéma noun "t-series", dental series, first column of the Tengwar system (Appendix E)

tinco

noun. metal

Derivations

Element in

Quenya [LotR/1122; PE17/123] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Sindarin 

rod

rod

>> -roth

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:49] < ROT cave. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

raud

noun. metal

Sindarin [Ety/383, X/RH] Generalized from OS *rauta "copper". Group: SINDICT. Published by

raud

noun. metal

Element in

  • S. Rodëol “metal of Eöl” ✧ WJ/322

tinc

metal

tinc (i dinc, o thinc), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thinc), coll. pl. tingath. The word rhaud “metal” occurring in the Etymologies would normally be ”updated” to Sindarin in the form raud, but since raud appears with different meanings in later sources (see

tinc

metal

(i** dinc, o thinc), no distinct pl. form except with article (i** thinc), coll. pl. tingath. The word rhaud** “metal” occurring in the Etymologies would normally be ”updated” to Sindarin in the form raud, but since raud** appears with different meanings in later sources (see

tinc

eminent

should at least be preferred for clarity).

rod

noun. tube, stem, *pipe

Derivations

  • √ROT “cave; delve underground, dig, excavate, tunnel, [ᴹ√] bore; [ᴱ√] hollow, delve underground, dig, excavate, tunnel, [ᴹ√] bore; [ᴱ√] hollow; [√]cave”

Element in

  • ᴺS. galenathrod “(smoking) pipe”
  • ᴺS. rodol “little pipe (especially musical)”

orthel

roof

(verb.) orthel- (i orthel, in erthelir for archaic in örthelir) (screen above);

orthel

roof

(i orthel, in erthelir for archaic in örthelir) (screen above); 

ross

polished metal

(glitter), pl. ryss (idh** ryss**). Note: homophones mean ”reddish, russet, copper-coloured, red-haired” and also ”spray, foam, rain, dew”. For concrete metals, see

telu

roof

(noun, high roof) telu (i delu, o thelu) (dome), pl. tely (i thely);

telu

roof

(i delu, o thelu) (dome), pl. tely (i thely);

tobas

roof, roofing

(i** dobas, o thobas), pl. tebais (i** thebais) for archaic pl. töbais (VT46:19)

toba

roof over

(i** doba, i** thobar) (cover). Cited as a ”Noldorin” infinitive in -o (tobo).**

galvorn

copper, gold,  iron, silver

(i** ’alvorn, pl. gelvyrn [in ngelvyrn*] if there is a pl.), a black metal made by the Dark Elf Eöl. (WJ:322)*

mithril

copper, gold,  iron, silver

(i** vithril, no distinct pl. form except with article [i** mithril], coll. pl. ?mithrillath). The description of mithril may seem to fit titanium.

Noldorin 

rhaud

noun. metal

Noldorin [Ety/383, X/RH] Generalized from OS *rauta "copper". Group: SINDICT. Published by

rhaud

noun. metal

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. rauta “metal” ✧ Ety/RAUTĀ

Derivations

  • On. rauta “metal” ✧ Ety/RAUTĀ
    • ᴹ√RAUTA “metal” ✧ Ety/RAUTĀ

Element in

  • N. Damrod “hammerer of copper” ✧ Ety/RAUTĀ
  • N. Angrod ✧ Ety/RAUTĀ
  • N. Finrod ✧ Ety/RAUTĀ

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
On. rauta > rhaud[rauta] > [rǭta] > [routa] > [rauta] > [raut] > [r̥aut] > [r̥aud]✧ Ety/RAUTĀ
Noldorin [Ety/RAUTĀ] Group: Eldamo. Published by

rhonn

noun. roof, cave

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. rondo “roof; cave, cavern” ✧ Ety/ROD

Derivations

  • ᴹ√ROD “roof, cave” ✧ Ety/OS; Ety/ROD

Element in

  • N. Aglarond “Caves of Splendour”
  • N. Elrond “Starry-dome, Sky”
  • N. othrond “underground city, fortress” ✧ Ety/OS; Ety/ROD

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√ROD > rhond > rhonn[rondo] > [rond] > [r̥ond] > [r̥onn]✧ Ety/ROD

Variations

  • rond ✧ Ety/OS
Noldorin [Ety/OS; Ety/ROD; EtyAC/ROD] Group: Eldamo. Published by

orthel-

verb. to roof, screen above

Noldorin [Ety/391] Group: SINDICT. Published by

tinc

noun. metal

Noldorin [Ety/394] Group: SINDICT. Published by

tinc

noun. metal

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. tinko “metal” ✧ Ety/TINKŌ

Derivations

  • ᴹ√TINKŌ “metal” ✧ Ety/TINKŌ

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√TINKŌ > tinc[tiŋko] > [tiŋko] > [tiŋkʰo] > [tiŋxo] > [tiŋx] > [tiŋk]✧ Ety/TINKŌ
Noldorin [Ety/TINKŌ] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Qenya 

tópa

noun. roof

A noun for “roof” in The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√TOP “cover, roof” (Ety/TOP).

Conceptual Development: The Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s had a similar form ᴱQ. túpo “roof, cover, lid” under the early root ᴱ√TUPU (QL/95), with just the gloss “roof” in the contemporaneous Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa (PME/95). It also had a couple of other unrelated words: ᴱQ. tel (teld-) “roof” and ᴱQ. telin (telimb-) “roof, covering” both derived from the early root ᴱ√TELE (QL/90).

Cognates

  • N. tobas “roofing, roof” ✧ Ety/TOP

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶tōp- “to roof” ✧ Ety/TOP
    • ᴹ√TOP “cover, roof, roof, cover” ✧ Ety/TOP

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶tōp- > tópa[tōpa]✧ Ety/TOP

rauta

noun. metal

Cognates

  • On. rauta “metal” ✧ Ety/RAUTĀ
  • N. rhaud “metal” ✧ Ety/RAUTĀ

Derivations

  • ᴹ√RAUTA “metal” ✧ Ety/RAUTĀ

Element in

  • ᴹQ. Nambarauto “Hammerer of Copper” ✧ Ety/RAUTĀ

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√RAUTĀ > rauta[rautā] > [rauta]✧ Ety/RAUTĀ

tinko

noun. metal

Cognates

  • N. tinc “metal” ✧ Ety/TINKŌ

Derivations

  • ᴹ√TINKŌ “metal” ✧ Ety/TINKŌ

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√TINKŌ > tinko[tiŋkō] > [tiŋko]✧ Ety/TINKŌ

Variations

  • tiñko ✧ PE22/050
Qenya [Ety/TINKŌ; PE22/022; PE22/050; PE22/061] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Old Noldorin 

rauta

noun. metal

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. rauta “metal” ✧ Ety/RAUTĀ

Derivations

  • ᴹ√RAUTA “metal” ✧ Ety/RAUTĀ

Derivatives

  • N. rhaud “metal” ✧ Ety/RAUTĀ

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√RAUTĀ > rauta[rautā] > [rauta]✧ Ety/RAUTĀ
Old Noldorin [Ety/RAUTĀ] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Middle Primitive Elvish

rod

root. roof, cave

Changes

  • RON → ROD ✧ Ety/ROD

Derivatives

  • Ilk. rond “domed roof” ✧ Ety/ROD
  • Ilk. rôth “cave” ✧ Ety/ROD
  • ᴹ✶rǭda “cave” ✧ Ety/ROD
    • Ilk. rôth “cave” ✧ Ety/ROD; EtyAC/ROD
    • On. rauda “hollow, cavernous” ✧ Ety/ROD
    • N. rhaudh “hollow, cavernous” ✧ Ety/ROD
  • ᴹQ. rondo “roof; cave, cavern” ✧ Ety/ROD
  • ᴺQ. rosta- “to hollow out, excavate”
  • N. rhonn “roof, cave” ✧ Ety/OS; Ety/ROD
  • On. rosta- “to hollow out, excavate” ✧ Ety/ROD
    • N. rosta- “to hollow out, excavate” ✧ Ety/ROD

Element in

  • N. Elrond “Starry-dome, Sky” ✧ Ety/EL

Variations

  • RON ✧ EtyAC/ROD (RON)
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/EL; Ety/OS; Ety/ROD; EtyAC/NAUK; EtyAC/ROD] Group: Eldamo. Published by

rauta

root. metal

A root in The Etymologies of the 1930s, first glossed “copper” and then “metal”, with derivatives ᴹQ. rauta/N. rhaud “metal” and serving mainly to explain names like N. Angrod and N. Finrod (Ety/RAUTĀ). It might have reappeared in the name S. Rodëol “metal of Eöl” from later Silmarillion drafts (WJ/322), but by 1957 Tolkien was explaining the final element of S. Finrod as S. raud “noble” (PE17/49, 118), so I think it is likely that ᴹ√RAUTA “metal” was abandoned.

Neo-Eldarin: For purposes of Neo-Eldarin, I’d use Q. tinco (LotR/1122) and its cognate [N.] tinc (Ety/TINKŌ) for “metal” words. For “copper” I'd use derivatives of √(U)RUS (VT41/10).

Changes

  • RAUTĀ → RAUTĀ “copper” ✧ Ety/RAUTĀ

Derivatives

  • ᴹQ. rauta “metal” ✧ Ety/RAUTĀ
  • On. rauta “metal” ✧ Ety/RAUTĀ
    • N. rhaud “metal” ✧ Ety/RAUTĀ

Element in

Variations

  • RAUTĀ ✧ Ety/NDAM; Ety/PHIN; Ety/RAUTĀ; Ety/RAUTĀ (RAUTĀ)
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/NDAM; Ety/PHIN; Ety/RAUTĀ] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tinkō

root. metal

The “root” ᴹ√TINKŌ (more likely just a primitive word) appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s with the gloss “metal” and derivatives like ᴹQ. tinko/N. tinc of the same meaning (Ety/TINKŌ). The reappearance of Q. tinco “metal” in The Lord of the Rings appendices (LotR/1122) strongly indicates its ongoing validity.

ᴹ√TINKŌ may have replaced the root ᴱ√SINI “pale blue” from the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s with derivatives like ᴱQ. sink “mineral, gem, metal” and G. sinc “metal” (QL/83; GL/67); these early mineral words were originally attributed to ᴱ√SṆT͡YṆ “twinkle” before they were transferred to ᴱ√SINI, leaving only derivatives like ᴱQ. sintl “crystal” and ᴱQ. sinty- “sparkle” under ᴱ√SṆT͡YṆ (QL/85). However, in notes from the late 1960s Tolkien had primitive ✶sinki as an element ✶sinkitamo, the basis for Q. sintamo “smith” (PE17/108). Likewise there is evidence of the earlier root in Q. sinca “flint” as in Q. sincahonda “flint-hearted” (LotR/979), initially given as ᴹQ. tingahondo in Lord of the Rings drafts (SD/68).

Neo-Eldarin: For purposes of Neo-Eldarin, I would definitely use ✶tink- = “metal”, but I think it is worth keeping ✶sinki = “✱mineral = any inorganic solid including both stone and metal” as a variant.

Derivatives

  • Q. tinco “metal”
  • ᴹQ. tinko “metal” ✧ Ety/TINKŌ
  • N. tinc “metal” ✧ Ety/TINKŌ
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/TINKŌ] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

rod

noun. tube, stem

Cognates

  • Eq. róta “tube, hollow cylinder” ✧ LT2A/Rothwarin

Derivations

  • ᴱ√ROTO “hollow” ✧ GL/65; LT2A/Rothwarin

Element in

Gnomish [GL/36; GL/65; LT2A/Rothwarin] Group: Eldamo. Published by

teld

noun. roof

Derivations

  • ᴱ√TELE “cover in; close; finish” ✧ GL/70

Variations

  • telthon ✧ GL/70
  • Teld ✧ PE13/104
Gnomish [GL/70; PE13/104] Group: Eldamo. Published by

telthon

noun. roof

sinc

noun. metal

A noun from the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s appearing as G. sinc “metal” (GL/67), clearly the cognate of ᴱQ. sink “mineral, gem, metal” from the root ᴱ√SINI (QL/83).

Neo-Sindarin: I would retain this word for purposes of Neo-Sindarin, but would revise its sense to ᴺS. sinc “mineral”, derived from the primitive form ✶sinki (PE17/108) which may itself mean “✱mineral”; see that entry for discussion. I would use N. tinc for “metal”.

Cognates

  • Eq. sink “mineral, gem, metal”

Derivations

  • ᴱ√SINI “pale blue‽”

Element in

  • G. sincli “crystal” ✧ GL/67

Early Quenya

tel

noun. roof

Derivations

  • ᴱ√TELE “cover in; close; finish” ✧ LT1A/Telimektar; QL/090

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√TELE > tel[teld] > [tel]✧ QL/090
Early Quenya [LT1A/Telimektar; QL/090] Group: Eldamo. Published by