Quenya 

huan

hound

huan (hún-, as in dat. sg. húnen) noun "hound" (KHUGAN, KHUG). Cf. , huo.

hound

noun "hound" (PE17:86), cf. huan, huo

húnen

húnen

húnen dat. sg. of huan, q.v. (KHUGAN, KHUG)

huo

dog

huo noun "dog" (KHUG, see KHUGAN; cf. , huan). Also roa.

roa

dog

roa noun "dog" (VT47:35). Also huo.

röa

noun. dog

A word for “dog” appearing in 1968 notes on monosyllabic primitive Elvish nouns (VT47/35). Of the primitive forms, Tolkien first gave ✶wā(w) “dog” and ✶grā “bear”, but ✶wā(w) was struck through and the gloss of ✶grā was changed to “dog”, after which Tolkien wrote Q. roa “dog” (VT47/36). He seems to have been disatisfied with this derivation, however, going on to write a number of primitive animal roots in the upper margin, including ✶yarr- “dog”.

Conceptual Development: ᴱQ. roa “a wild beast” appeared in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, derived from primitive ᴱ✶raw̯a under the early root ᴱ√RAVA or ᴱ√RAẆA (QL/79).

Neo-Quenya: Giving Tolkien’s vacillations on these 1968 forms, I’d stick to the better known ᴹQ. huo as the common word for “dog” in (Neo) Quenya, which is the word used in Helge Fauskanger’s NQNT (NQNT).

Derivations

  • grawa “dog” ✧ VT47/35
    • GRAW “[unglossed], [ᴹ√] dark, swart” ✧ VT47/35

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
grawa > roa[grawa] > [ɣrawa] > [ɣroa] > [roa]✧ VT47/35

Variations

  • roa ✧ VT47/35

Sindarin 

huan

masculine name. Great Dog, Hound

The great hound who helped Beren and Lúthien against the forces of Morgoth (S/142). His name is derived from the same primitive form ᴹ✶khugan as ᴹQ. huan “hound” (Ety/KHUGAN). Given that he was originally a Valinorian hound, it is possible his Sindarin name is simply adopted from Quenya.

Conceptual Development: The name ᴱQ. Huan appeared in the earliest Lost Tales (LT2/21) and remained constant through all Tolkien’s later writing, though its language ultimately changed from Qenya to Sindarin. The name N. Huan appeared in The Etymologies from the 1930s, which is the source of the derivation given above (Ety/KHUGAN).

Variations

  • Húan ✧ WJI/Húan
Sindarin [MRI/Huan; SI/Huan; WJI/Húan] Group: Eldamo. Published by

huan

noun. great dog, hound

A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “hound” derived from primitive ᴹ√KHUGAN; in the second version of this entry the root became ᴹ√KHUG “bark, bay” and Tolkien only said that N. Huan was a dog-name, though its cognate ᴹQ. huan still meant “hound” (Ety/KHUGAN). This word was indeed used as the name of the great Valinorian hound Huan, which Tolkien established very early (LT2/21) and retained for his entire life (S/142).

Possible Etymology: It is hard to explain why the primitive short ŭ in huan did not become o as usual in Noldorin and Sindarin. Perhaps the primitive form was actually ✱khūgan in the Noldorin/Sindarin branch of the language. Tolkien did frequently write the name as Húan in later writings (RS/183; WJ/62 and forward).

Conceptual Development: In Tolkien’s earliest writings, ᴱQ. huan “dog” was a Qenya word, and its nearest Gnomish equivalents were G. “dog” and G. saur “hound, wild dog” (GL/49, 67), all derived from the early root ᴱ√SAẆA (QL/82). The form ᴱN. fand or fan “dog” appearing in Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s was probably also related (PE13/143). By The Etymologies of the 1930s, it seems Huan was a Noldorin name, and it may have remained so in Sindarin of the 1950s and 60s, but since its Quenya form was identical it is hard to know for sure.

Derivations

  • ᴹ√KHUG “bark, bay”

Element in

  • S. Huan “Great Dog, Hound” ✧ SI/Huan

Variations

  • Huan ✧ SI/Huan

hound

_ n. Zoo. _hound. Q. . The gloss might be 'heat'.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:86] < _khōgo_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

dog

(i chû, o chu, construct hu), pl. hui (i chui)

dog

(i chû, o chu, construct hu), pl. hui (i chui)

Adûnaic

raba

noun. dog

A noun translated “dog” and fully declined as an example of a Strong II noun (SD/437). It is also used as an example of a common-noun that can be altered to masculine and feminine forms rabô “male dog” and rabê “bitch” (SD/434).

Adûnaic [SD/434; SD/437] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Primitive elvish

grawa

noun. dog

Derivations

  • GRAW “[unglossed], [ᴹ√] dark, swart” ✧ VT47/35

Derivatives

  • Q. röa “dog” ✧ VT47/35
Primitive elvish [VT47/35] Group: Eldamo. Published by

wā(w)

noun. dog

Changes

  • wā(w)grā “dog” ✧ VT47/35
Primitive elvish [VT47/35] Group: Eldamo. Published by

yarr-

noun. dog, dog; *growl, snarl

In the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, Tolkien gave the root ᴱ√YAPA “snarl, snap, bark ill-temperedly” (QL/105). It had no derivatives in QL, but in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon the words G. gab- “bark, bay (of dogs)” and G. gôbi “a large hound” were clearly related (GL/36). There were no similar forms for many years, but then primitive ✶yarr- “dog” appeared in notes from 1968 (VT47/36). This later primitive was likely related to Q. yarra- “growl, snarl” from the Q. Markirya poem of this same period (MC/223), perhaps from a root ✱√YAR.

Derivatives

  • ᴺQ. yarra “️growl, snarl”
  • Q. yarra- “to growl, snarl”
Primitive elvish [VT47/36] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Noldorin 

huan

masculine name. hound

Changes

  • huanHuan “hound” ✧ Ety/KHUGAN

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. huan “hound, hound, [ᴱQ.] dog” ✧ Ety/KHUGAN

Derivations

  • ᴹ√KHUG “bark, bay” ✧ Ety/KHUGAN

Variations

  • huan ✧ Ety/KHUGAN (huan)
  • Húan ✧ RSI/Húan
Noldorin [Ety/KHUGAN; LRI/Huan; RSI/Húan; SMI/Huan] Group: Eldamo. Published by

huan

noun. hound

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. huan “hound, hound, [ᴱQ.] dog” ✧ Ety/KHUGAN

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶khugan “hound” ✧ Ety/KHUGAN
    • ᴹ√KHUG “bark, bay” ✧ Ety/KHUGAN

Element in

  • N. Huan “hound” ✧ Ety/KHUGAN

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶khugan > Huan[kʰūgan] > [xūgan] > [xūɣan] > [xuan] > [huan]✧ Ety/KHUGAN

Variations

  • Huan ✧ Ety/KHUGAN
Noldorin [Ety/KHUGAN] Group: Eldamo. Published by

noun. dog

Noldorin [Ety/364] Group: SINDICT. Published by

noun. dog

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. huo “dog” ✧ Ety/KHUGAN

Derivations

  • ᴹ√KHUG “bark, bay” ✧ Ety/KHUGAN

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√KHUG > [kʰugo] > [xugo] > [xuɣo] > [xuɣ] > [xūɣ] > [xū] > [hū]✧ Ety/KHUGAN
Noldorin [Ety/KHUGAN] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Qenya 

huan

noun. hound, hound, [ᴱQ.] dog

A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “hound” derived from primitive ᴹ✶khugan under the root ᴹ√KHUG “bark, bay” (Ety/KHUGAN). It was followed a parenthetical form (húnen), likely a genitive, indicating a stem form of hún-. This word served as the basis for the name of the great Valinorian hound Huan.

Conceptual Development: The forms huan and {hwan >>} huan appeared in both the Qenya Lexicon and Qenya Phonology of the 1910s, but in both cases this word was revised to ᴱQ. fan (fand-) “dog” (QL/37; PE12/26). This word was derived from the early root ᴱ√SAẆA < sǝwǝ (QL/82) and primitive forms ᴱ✶swandǝ (PE12/26) or ᴱ✶swǝnd- (QL/82). The vacillation from huan to fan reflects Tolkien’s uncertainty on the development of initial sw- in Early Qenya, either to hw- > hu- or to f- (PE12/26 note #26). The form ᴱQ. huan (huand-) “dog” appeared in Early Qenya Word-lists of the 1920s (PE16/132). It appeared again in The Etymologies, with a new gloss “hound”, a revised derivation and a new stem form hún- (see above).

Changes

  • huanhuan “hound” ✧ Ety/KHUGAN

Cognates

  • N. Huan “hound” ✧ Ety/KHUGAN
  • N. huan “hound” ✧ Ety/KHUGAN

Derivations

  • ᴹ√KHUG “bark, bay” ✧ Ety/KHUGAN
  • ᴹ✶khugan “hound” ✧ Ety/KHUGAN
    • ᴹ√KHUG “bark, bay” ✧ Ety/KHUGAN

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√KHUGAN > huan[kʰugan] > [xugan] > [xuɣan] > [xuan] > [huan]✧ Ety/KHUGAN
ᴹ✶khugan > huan[kʰugan] > [xugan] > [xuɣan] > [xuan] > [huan]✧ Ety/KHUGAN

huo

noun. dog

A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “dog” derived from the root ᴹ√KHUG “bark, bay” (Ety/KHUGAN). It is probably one of the better known words for “dog” in Quenya, and was widely used in Helge Fauskanger’s NQNT (NQNT).

Cognates

  • N. “dog” ✧ Ety/KHUGAN

Derivations

  • ᴹ√KHUG “bark, bay” ✧ Ety/KHUGAN

Element in

  • ᴺQ. huolë “litter (of pups, cubs, etc.)”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√KHUG > huo[kʰugo] > [xugo] > [xuɣo] > [xuo] > [huo]✧ Ety/KHUGAN

Middle Primitive Elvish

khugan

noun. hound

Derivations

  • ᴹ√KHUG “bark, bay” ✧ Ety/KHUGAN

Derivatives

  • ᴹQ. huan “hound, hound, [ᴱQ.] dog” ✧ Ety/KHUGAN
  • N. huan “hound” ✧ Ety/KHUGAN
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/KHUGAN] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

hûbi

noun. hound

noun. dog

Changes

  • hûa “dog” ✧ GL/49
  • hûehûa “dog” ✧ GL/49

Cognates

Derivations

Element in

  • G. cuithos hû le mui “a cat and dog life” ✧ GL/27; GL/49
  • G. hûbi “hound” ✧ GL/49 (hûbi)
  • G. huil “bitch, *female dog” ✧ GL/49
  • G. hûn ar hû “between the dog and his bone” ✧ GL/49

Variations

  • hûa ✧ GL/49 (hûa)
  • hûe ✧ GL/49 (hûe)
Gnomish [GL/27; GL/49] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Noldorin

huan

masculine name. Huan

Early Noldorin [LBI/Huan] Group: Eldamo. Published by

fan(d)

noun. dog

Cognates

  • Eq. fan “dog”

Derivations

Variations

  • fand ✧ PE13/143
  • fan ✧ PE13/143
Early Noldorin [PE13/143] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Primitive Elvish

swandǝ

noun. dog

Derivations

  • ᴱ√SAẆA “*dog” ✧ QL/082

Derivatives

  • Eq. fan “dog” ✧ PE12/026; QL/082

Variations

  • swǝnd- ✧ QL/082
Early Primitive Elvish [PE12/026; QL/082] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

huan

masculine name. Huan

Elements

WordGloss
huan“dog”
Early Quenya [LT2I/Huan] Group: Eldamo. Published by

huan

noun. dog

@@@ reflects older sw- > hu-

Changes

  • hwanhuan “dog” ✧ PE12/026
  • huanfan “dog” ✧ PE12/026
  • huanFan ✧ QL/037

Cognates

  • G. “dog”

Element in

Variations

  • hwan ✧ PE12/026 (hwan)
Early Quenya [PE12/026; PE16/132; QL/037] Group: Eldamo. Published by

fan

noun. dog

Cognates

Derivations

  • ᴱ✶swandǝ “dog” ✧ PE12/026; QL/082
    • ᴱ√SAẆA “*dog” ✧ QL/082

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ✶swandǝ > fan[swandǝ] > [swand] > [fand] > [fan]✧ PE12/026

Variations

  • Fan ✧ QL/037
Early Quenya [PE12/026; QL/037; QL/082] Group: Eldamo. Published by