lélë

noun. will

Derivations

• √DEL “will” ✧ NM/231

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√DEL > lēle	[dēle] > [lēle]	✧ NM/231

Variations

• lēle ✧ NM/231

mendë

will

#mendë noun "will", only attested in mendelya "thy will" (VT43:15)

yelmë

loathing

yelmë (1) noun "loathing". In the Etymologies as printed in LR, entry DYEL, the word appears as **yelma, but according to VT45:11 this is a misreading of Tolkien's manuscript. According to VT46:22, yelmë briefly appeared as a word for "daughter" (?)

alya

fair, good

alya (1) adj. "fair, good" (PE17:146), "prosperous, rich, abundant, blessed" (GALA). In a deleted entry in Etym, the glosses provided were "rich, blessed"; another deleted entry defined alya as "rich, prosperous, blessed". (GALA, [ÁLAM], VT42:32, 45:5, 14)

caurë

fear

caurë _("k")_noun "fear" (LT1:257)

nor-

prefix. fear

Cognates

• S. gor “horror, dread, fear” ✧ PE17/172

Derivations

• √ÑGOR “dread, terror, fear, horror” ✧ PE17/172

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√ÑGOR > ñor	[ŋgor] > [ŋor] > [nor]	✧ PE17/172

Variations

• ñor ✧ PE17/172 (ñor)

níra

will

níra noun "will" (as a potential or faculty) (VT39:30, VT41:6, 17, PE17:168)

pata-

walk

pata- vb. "walk" (PE17:34)

thosso

fear

†thosso (þossë) noun "fear" in Old Quenya (PE17:87, there spelt with the letter þ, not the digraph th)

vanta

walk

vanta (2) noun "walk" (BAT)

vanë

fair

vanë adj. "fair" (LT1:272; in Tolkien's later Quenya rather vanya)

vanë

adjective. fair, fair, [ᴱQ.] lovely

Derivations

• √BAN “beauty (due to lack of fault or blemish); fair, beautiful” ✧ PE17/056

Element in

• Q. úvanë(a) “without beauty”
• Q. vanessë “beauty” ✧ PE17/056
• Q. vanië “beauty” ✧ PE17/056
• Q. vanima “beautiful, fair, beautiful, fair, *handsome; [ᴱQ.] proper, right, as it should be, fair” ✧ PE17/056

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√BAN > vane	[bani] > [bane] > [βane] > [vane]	✧ PE17/056

Variations

• vane ✧ PE17/056

ñor

fear

[ñor noun? prefix? "fear" (PE17:172)]

þossë

noun. fear

Cognates

• S. thoss “fear” ✧ PE17/087

Derivations

• √THOS “frighten, terrify; show dread of” ✧ PE17/087

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√ÞOS > þosse	[tʰosse] > [θosse] > [sosse]	✧ PE17/087

Variations

• þosse ✧ PE17/087 (þosse)

alima

fair, good

alima adj. "fair, good" (also alya) (PE17:146)

indu-

verb. will, do on purpose

linda

fair, beautiful

linda adj. "fair, beautiful" (of sound) (SLIN, LIND; VT45:27), "soft, gentle, light" (PE16:96), "beautiful, sweet, melodious of sound" (PE17:150); for Linda as a noun, see Lindar.

-ima

fair

-ima adjectival suffix. Sometimes it is used to derive simple adjectives, like vanima "fair" or calima "bright"; it can also take on the meaning "-able" (PE17:68), as in mátima "edible" (mat- "eat"), nótima "countable" (not- "count") and (with a negative prefix) úquétima "unspeakable" (from quet- "speak"). Note that the stem-vowel is normally lengthened in the derivatives where -ima means "-able", though this fails to occur in cenima "visible" (q.v., but contrast hraicénima, q.v.) and also before a consonant cluster as in úfantima "not concealable" (PE17:176). "X-ima" may mean "apt to X" (when the ending is added to an intransitive verbal stem), as in Fírimar "mortals", literally "those apt to die" (WJ:387). The adj. úfantima "not concealable" (PE17:176) also appears as úfantuma (PE17:180), indicating the existence of a variant ending -uma (possibly used to derive adjectives with a "bad" meaning; compare the ending *-unqua next to -inqua, q.v.)

norto

horror

norto (ñ)noun "a horror" _(VT46:4. In Tengwar writing, the initial N would be represented by the letter noldo, not númen.)_

tiuca

thick, fat

tiuca adj.("k") "thick, fat" (TIW)

vanya

fair

vanya (1) adj. "fair" (FS), "beautiful" (BAN), a word referring to beauty that is "due to lack of fault, or blemish" (PE17:150), hence Arda Vanya as an alternative to Arda Alahasta for "Arda Unmarred" (ibid., compare MR:254). Nominal pl. Vanyar "the Fair", the first clan of the Eldar; the original meaning of this stem was "pale, light-coloured, not brown or dark" (WJ:382, 383, stem given as WAN), "properly = white complexion and blonde hair" (PE17:154, stem given as GWAN); stems BAN vs. WAN discussed, see PE17:150.

sossë

noun. fear

Derivations

• √THOS “frighten, terrify; show dread of”

Element in

• ᴺQ. sossëa “fearful, afraid”

del

noun. horror

Element in

• S. Deldúwath “Deadly Nightshade, (lit.) Horror of Night-shadow” ✧ SA/del
• S. deloth “abhorrence, abhorrence, [N.] detestation, loathing” ✧ SA/del

dael

noun. horror

_ n. _horror.

dael

noun. horror

Derivations

• √NDAY “dreadful, abominable, detestable” ✧ PE17/151

Element in

• S. daedelos “horrible fear” ✧ PE17/151

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√NDAY > dael	[ndaila] > [daila] > [dail] > [dael]	✧ PE17/151

delw

adjective. thick

adj. thick, of single thing. Tolkien seems to consider that it is not a suitable Sindarin form.

fael

adjective. fair minded, just, generous

le

thick

2 adj. thick, of single thing. Tolkien seems to consider that it is not a suitable Sindarin form.

innas

noun. will

lind

adjective. fair

Derivations

• √LIN “sing, make a musical sound, sing, make a musical sound, [ᴱ√] gentle”

Element in

• S. Linhir “Fair Stream” ✧ RC/587

Variations

• lin ✧ RC/587 (lin)

pad-

walk

_ v. _walk, step. Q. pata-. >> Tharbad

padra-

walk

_ v. _walk. >> pad-

thos

noun. fear

_ n. _fear. O.Q. þosse. >> di'nguruthos

thoss

noun. fear

Cognates

• Q. þossë “fear” ✧ PE17/087

Derivations

• √THOS “frighten, terrify; show dread of” ✧ PE17/087

Element in

• S. guruthos “dread of death, death-horror, shadow of death, dread of death, death-horror, shadow of death, [N.] fear of death” ✧ PE17/087
• ᴺS. thossui “fearful, afraid”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√ÞOS > thos(s)	[tʰosse] > [θosse] > [θoss]	✧ PE17/087

Variations

• thos(s) ✧ PE17/087

nidh-

verb. will, mean to, have a mind to

pada-

verb. to walk

gorgor

noun. extreme horror, terror, haunting fear

angos

horror

1) angos (pl. engys) (VT45:15), 2) dêl (i dhêl, construct del) (disgust, fear, loathing), pl. dîl (i nîl), 3) delos (i dhelos) (fear, abhorrence, dread, detestation, loathing), pl. delys (i nelys), coll. pl. delossath. A side-form ends in -oth (pl. -yth) instead of -os (-ys). 4) girith (i **irith) (shuddering), no distinct pl. form except with article (i ngirith = i ñirith), 5) gôr (i ngôr = i ñôr, o n**gôr = o ñgôr, construct gor) (fear, dread), pl. gŷr (in gŷr = i ñgŷr). Note: a homophone means ”vigour” but has different mutations. 6) gorog (i ngorog = i ñorog, o n**gorog = o ñgorog), pl. geryg (in geryg = i ñgeryg) (WJ:415). Archaic pl. göryg. 7) goroth (i ngoroth = i ñoroth, o n**goroth = o ñgoroth) (dread), pl. geryg (in geryg = i ñgeryg) (WJ:415). Archaic pl. göryth. 8) gorth (i ngorth = i ñorth, o n**gorth = o ñgorth) (dread), pl. gyrth (in gyrth = i ñgyrth). _(WJ:415) _Note: a homophone means ”dead; dead person”, 9) goss (i **oss, construct gos) (dread), pl. gyss (i ngyss = i ñyss).

angos

horror

(pl. engys) (VT45:15)

bain

fair

_ adj. _fair, good, blessed, wholesome, favourable, without evil/bad element, not dangerous, evil or hostile. bân or bain << bân pl. bain. >> bân

bain

fair

bain (beautiful). Lenited vain. No distinct pl. form.

bain

fair

(beautiful). Lenited vain. No distinct pl. form.

bân

adjective. fair

_ adj. _fair, good, wholesome, favourable, not dangerous, evil or hostile. bân or bain << bân pl. bain. >> bain

girith

horror

(i ’irith) (shuddering), no distinct pl. form except with article (i ngirith = i ñirith)

gorog

noun. horror

gorog

noun. horror

Derivations

• ✶(ñ)guruk “horror” ✧ WJ/415

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶guruk > gorog	[guruk] > [gorok] > [gorog]	✧ WJ/415

gorog

horror

(i ngorog = i ñorog, o n’gorog = o ñgorog), pl. geryg (in geryg = i ñgeryg) (WJ:415). Archaic pl. göryg.

goroth

horror

(i ngoroth = i ñoroth, o n’goroth = o ñgoroth) (dread), pl. geryg (in geryg = i ñgeryg) (WJ:415). Archaic pl. göryth.

gorth

noun. horror

gorth

noun. horror

gorth

horror

(i ngorth = i ñorth, o n’gorth = o ñgorth) (dread), pl. gyrth (in gyrth = i ñgyrth). (WJ:415) Note: a homophone means ”dead; dead person”

goss

horror

(i ’oss, construct gos) (dread), pl. gyss (i ngyss = i ñyss).

gwain

adjective. fair

adj. fair. . This gloss was rejected.

gwana

noun/adjective. fair

Changes

• gwain → gwana “fair, general word for Elves” ✧ PE17/140

Derivations

• ✶wanasō ✧ PE17/140

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶wanasō > gwana	[wanasō] > [wanaso] > [wanaho] > [gwanaho] > [gwanah] > [gwana]	✧ PE17/140

Variations

• gwain ✧ PE17/140 (gwain)

gwân

adjective. fair

_ adj. _fair, pale.

gôr

horror

(i ngôr = i ñôr, o n’gôr = o ñgôr, construct gor) (fear, dread), pl. gŷr (in gŷr = i ñgŷr). Note: a homophone means ”vigour” but has different mutations.

tûg

thick

tûg (lenited dûg, pl. tuig)

tûg

thick

(lenited dûg, pl. tuig)

delos

fear

(i dhelos) (horror, abhorrence, dread, detestation, loathing), pl. delys (i nelys), coll. pl. delossath. Note: a side-form ends in -oth (pl. -yth) instead of -os (-ys).

delos

horror

(i dhelos) (fear, abhorrence, dread, detestation, loathing), pl. delys (i nelys), coll. pl. delossath. A side-form ends in -oth (pl. -yth) instead of -os (-ys).

delos

loathing

(noun) 1) delos (i dhelos) (fear, horror, abhorrence, dread, detestation), pl. delys (i nelys), coll. pl. delossath. A side-form ends in -oth (pl. -yth) instead of -os (-ys). 2) dêl (i dhêl, construct del) (disgust, fear, horror), pl. dîl (i nîl)

delos

loathing

(i dhelos) (fear, horror, abhorrence, dread, detestation), pl. delys (i nelys), coll. pl. delossath. A side-form ends in -oth (pl. -yth) instead of -os (-ys).

dêl

disgust

(noun) dêl (i dhêl, construct del) (fear, loathing, horror), pl. dîl (i nîl).

dêl

noun. disgust

Derivations

• ᴹ√DYEL “feel fear and disgust; abhor”

dêl

disgust

(i dhêl, construct del) (fear, loathing, horror), pl. dîl (i nîl).

dêl

fear

(i dhêl, construct del) (disgust, loathing, horror), pl. dîl (i nîl)

dêl

horror

(i dhêl, construct del) (disgust, fear, loathing), pl. dîl (i nîl)

dêl

loathing

(i dhêl, construct del) (disgust, fear, horror), pl. dîl (i nîl)

thel

will

(vb.) ?thel- (intend, mean, purpose, resolve)

thel

will

(intend, mean, purpose, resolve)

daedhelos

great fear

(i naedhelos, o ndaedhelos), pl. daedhelys (i ndaedhelys). Coll. pl. daedhelossath. A side-form ends in -oth instead of -os. The word appears in the mutated form "ndaedelos" in LotR Appendix F, but since the second element must be delos "abhorrence" and it would surely be lenited following a vowel, this would seem to be one of the cases where Tolkien wrote d even though dh would be technically correct. Another term for

gorgoroth

deadly fear

(i ngorgoroth = i ñorgoroth, o n’gorgoroth = o ngorgoroth) (terror), pl. gergeryth (in gergeryth = i ñgergeryth). Archaic pl. görgöryth. Also in shorter form gorgor (i ngorgor = i ñorgor, o n’gorgor = o ñgorgor) (extreme horror), pl. gergyr (in gergyr = i ñgergyr), coll. pl. *gorgorath*** (WJ:415). Archaic pl. ✱görgyr**.

goe

great fear

(i ’oe) (terror), no distinct pl. form except with article (i ngoe = i ñoe).

achas

fear

(noun) 1) achas (dread), pl. echais. It is possible that the word is lenited in the source, and that it should have an initial g-; if so read gachas (i **achas), pl. gechais (i ngechais = i ñechais), 2) dêl (i dhêl, construct del) (disgust, loathing, horror), pl. dîl (i nîl), 3) delos (i dhelos) (horror, abhorrence, dread, detestation, loathing), pl. delys (i nelys), coll. pl. delossath. Note: a side-form ends in -oth (pl. -yth) instead of -os (-ys). 4) gôr (i ngôr = i ñor, o n**gôr = o ñgôr, construct gor) (dread, horror), pl. gŷr (i ngŷr = i ñŷr). Note: a homophone means ”vigour” but has different mutations. 5) niphred (pallor); pl. niphrid.

achas

fear

(dread), pl. echais. It is possible that the word is lenited in the source, and that it should have an initial g-; if so read gachas (i ’achas), pl. gechais (i ngechais = i ñechais)

gôr

fear

(i ngôr = i ñor, o n’gôr = o ñgôr, construct gor) (dread, horror), pl. gŷr (i ngŷr = i ñŷr). Note: a homophone means ”vigour” but has different mutations.

innas

will

(noun) innas, pl. innais (VT44:23)

innas

will

pl. innais (VT44:23)

niphred

fear

(pallor); pl. niphrid.

pada

walk

(on a track or path) pada- (i bada, i phadar)

pada

walk

(on a track or path) pada- (i bada, i phadar)

fuia

feel disgust at

(i fuia, in fuiar) (abhor)

gosta

fear exceedingly

(i ’osta, i ngostar = i ñostar)

del

root. will

A root in etymological notes from 1968, meaning “to will with conscious purpose, immediate or remote”; it was distinct from “be willing, to assent, consent, agree”, which partakes of the will but also involves accident or change (NM/231). Given the many other uses to which √DEL was assigned, odds are this was a transient idea.

Derivatives

• Q. lélë “will” ✧ NM/231
• Q. lelya- “to will with conscious purpose, immediate or remote” ✧ NM/231

Variations

• DEL ✧ NM/231 (DEL)

del

root. walk, go, proceed, travel

This root appears in the Quendi and Eldar essay from 1959-60 with the sense “walk, go, proceed, travel” (WJ/360). Its derivatives were S. Edhel “Elf” and Q. †Eldo which blended with Elda “Elf”, both originally with the sense “one who goes” (✶edelō): those who left lake Cuiviénen to travel to Valinor. It is also the basis of several words meaning “to go”: T. delia- and Q. lelya-.

Many of Quenya derivatives of this root actually derive from an inversion √LED of the original √DEL. According to the Quendi and Eldar essay, this inversion only occurred in Quenya (WJ/363). In earlier writings like The Etymologies, however, ᴹ√LED “go, fare, travel” was the basic root in all languages. It seems that Tolkien revised ᴹ√LED >> √DEL, preserving √LED only as a Quenya variant. The strongest sign of this change was Tolkien’s consistent alteration of N. Eledh >> S. Edhel.

This leaves open the question of what happened to the other non-Quenya derivatives of ᴹ√LED, such as S. edlen(n) “exile”. It is possible that they were transferred to a new root √LEN, which was the basis for S. lembas “way bread” (PE17/60).

Derivatives

• ✶delya- “walk, go, proceed, travel” ✧ WJ/360
  • T. delia- “to go, proceed” ✧ WJ/360
• ✶edelō “one who goes, traveller, migrant, marcher” ✧ WJ/360; WJ/363
  • Q. Elda “Elf, (lit.) one of the Star-folk” ✧ PE17/152
  • S. Ell “Elf” ✧ PE17/141
    • S. Elleth “Elf-maid” ✧ PE17/141
    • S. Ellon “Elf-man” ✧ PE17/141
  • Q. Eldo “one of the Marchers” ✧ WJ/363
  • S. Edhel “Elf” ✧ PE17/141; PE17/152; WJ/360
  • T. Ello “Elf” ✧ WJ/362; WJ/360
• Q. lelta- “to send, *(lit.) cause to go”

Variations

• DELE ✧ WJ/360
• DEL ✧ WJ/363
• del ✧ WJ/363
• Dele ✧ WJ/392

del

root. *fair

A root meaning “delicate” or “fair of form” that appears in a couple distinct etymological note from 1959; in one of them it was the basis for Q. Elda/S. Edhel (PE17/159). Given the revised etymologies for words for “Elf” in the Quendi and Eldar essay written soon thereafter, this root may have been short lived.

Derivatives

• ✶delya “lovely, fine, beautiful” ✧ PE17/151; PE17/151
  • Q. lelya “delicate, beautiful and fine, slender, lovely” ✧ PE17/151; PE17/151
  • S. dail “beautiful, fine, delicate, lovely” ✧ PE17/151; PE17/151
• ✶edelā “the fair” ✧ PE17/151
  • Q. Elda “Elf, (lit.) one of the Star-folk” ✧ PE17/139; PE17/151
  • S. Ell “Elf” ✧ PE17/141
    • S. Elleth “Elf-maid” ✧ PE17/141
    • S. Ellon “Elf-man” ✧ PE17/141
  • S. Edhel “Elf” ✧ PE17/139; PE17/151
• Q. lelya- “to appear (of beautiful things); to attract, enchant (with dative)” ✧ PE17/151

Element in

• ✶spindilā “head of hair” ✧ PE17/151

Variations

• DEL ✧ PE17/145; PE17/151
• DĔL ✧ PE17/151

del

root. thick, dense

A rejected root meaning “thick, dense” that appeared in rough etymological notes for the name of S. Glorfindel < glaur-phin-dela = “gold-hair-thick” (PE17/17). One of the proposed Quenya forms was nelya beside lelya, indicating Tolkien was considering strengthening the root form to √NDEL.

Neo-Eldarin: For purposes of Neo-Eldarin, I think it would be worth salvaging this root in this strengthened form ᴺ√NDEL “thick, dense”, since I know of no other good options for words meaning “dense”.

Derivatives

• ✶delkā “dense” ✧ PE17/017
  • S. delch “dense” ✧ PE17/017
• ✶delwa “thick (of a single thing)” ✧ PE17/017
  • Q. leluya “thick (of a single thing)” ✧ PE17/017
  • S. delw “thick (of a single thing)” ✧ PE17/017
• ✶delya- “?thick, thicken & congeal” ✧ PE17/017
  • Q. nelya- “to thicken, congeal” ✧ PE17/017

Element in

• ✶spindilā “head of hair” ✧ PE17/017; PE17/017

Variations

• DEL- ✧ PE17/017 (DEL-); PE17/017 (DEL-)
• DEL ✧ PE17/151

delya-

verb. walk, go, proceed, travel

Derivations

• √DEL “walk, go, proceed, travel” ✧ WJ/360

Derivatives

• T. delia- “to go, proceed” ✧ WJ/360

Variations

• del-ja ✧ WJ/360

(ñ)guruk

noun. horror

Derivatives

• S. gorog “horror” ✧ WJ/415

Variations

• guruk ✧ WJ/389; WJ/415
• ñguruk ✧ WJ/390

bani

adjective. fair

Element in

• Q. vanië “beauty” ✧ PE17/057
• Q. vanima “beautiful, fair, beautiful, fair, *handsome; [ᴱQ.] proper, right, as it should be, fair” ✧ PE17/057

Variations

• vanĭ ✧ PE17/057

ngur

root. horror

wanyā

adjective. fair

Derivations

• √(G)WAN “pale, fair” ✧ WJ/383

Derivatives

• Q. Vanya “Fair Elves, the Fair” ✧ WJ/380; WJ/383
  • T. Vania “Vanya” ✧ WJ/383

Variations

• wanjā ✧ WJ/380; WJ/383

ndel

root. thick, dense

Derivatives

• ᴺQ. nelca “dense”
• ᴺQ. nelya- “to thicken, congeal”
• ᴺS. delch “dense”

del

noun. fear, disgust, loathing, horror

del

noun. horror

Derivations

• ᴹ√DYEL “feel fear and disgust; abhor” ✧ Ety/DOƷ; Ety/DYEL

Element in

• N. Delduthling “Ungoliant, *(lit.) Horror Night Spider” ✧ Ety/DOƷ
• N. Deldúwath “Deadly Nightshade” ✧ Ety/DYEL
• N. deleb “horrible, abominable, loathsome” ✧ Ety/DYEL

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√DYEL > del	[djel] > [del]	✧ Ety/DYEL

Variations

• Del ✧ Ety/DOƷ

gosta-

verb. to fear exceedingly

fuia-

verb. to feel disgust at, abhor

angos

noun. horror

Derivations

• ᴹ✶angosse “horror” ✧ EtyAC/GOS; EtyAC/GOS

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ✶añgoss- > angos	[aŋgossǝ] > [aŋgoss] > [aŋgos]	✧ EtyAC/GOS

Variations

• ãngos ✧ EtyAC/GOS (ãngos)

goroth

noun. horror

goroth

noun. horror

Cognates

• Ilk. ngorth “horror” ✧ Ety/ÑGOROTH

Derivations

• ᴹ√ÑGOROTH “horror” ✧ Ety/ÑGOROTH
  • ᴹ√GOR “violence, impetus, haste” ✧ Ety/ÑGOROTH

Element in

• N. Gorgos “Dire-castle”
• N. Gorthû “*Fear Stench”
• N. Nan Dongoroth “Vale of Black Horror” ✧ Ety/ÑGOROTH
• N. Nann Orothvor “Vale of Black Horror” ✧ Ety/ÑGOROTH

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√ÑGÓROTH > goroth	[ŋgorotʰo] > [ŋgoroθo] > [goroθo] > [goroθ]	✧ Ety/ÑGOROTH

tûg

adjective. thick, fat