Quenya 

-nde

suffix. -tion

-tion, -sion [nomen actionis]

Quenya [PE 18:45 PE 18:95] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

-nde

suffix. {deverbative, denoting a durable process}

Quenya [PE 22:110; PE 22:137] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

-ndë

you

[#-ndë (2) pronominal suffix for dual "you", as in carindë *"you (two) do". Tolkien changed the ending to -stë (VT49:33)]

-ndë

petition

-ndë (1) noun ending; forming nouns from verbal stems in arcandë "petition" and ulundë "stream" (q.v. and cf. VT44:8), feminine in Serindë "broideress" or "needle-woman" (q.v.) PE17:69 mentions -ndë as a common suffix denoting feminine agent.

-ndë

suffix. feminine agent

Element in

  • Q. serindë “broideress, needlewoman, *seamstress” ✧ MR/257

Variations

  • -nde ✧ PE17/069
Quenya [MR/257; PE17/069] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-ldë

you

-ldë (1) pronominal suffix "you", 2nd person pl. (VT49:51; carildë *"you do", VT49:16). This ending Tolkien revised from -llë in earlier sources (VT49:48, cf. PE17:69).

-ldë

suffix. feminine agent

Element in

Variations

  • -lde ✧ PE17/069

-ntyë

you

[-ntyë "you", abandonded pronominal ending for 2nd person pl. familiar (VT49:49)]

-xë

suffix. you (dual)

arcandë

petition

#arcandë noun "petition" (isolated from arcandemmar "our petitions") (VT44:8)

-ccë

suffix. you (dual)

Variations

  • -xe ✧ PE17/057 (-xe)
  • -cce ✧ PE17/057 (-cce)

-llë

you

-llë (2) abandoned pronominal ending "you", 2nd person pl. (VT49:48); Tolkien later revised this ending to -ldë.

-llë

suffix. feminine agent

Element in

  • Q. Itarillë “*Sparkling Brilliance”
  • Q. riel(lë) “garlanded maiden, maiden crowned with a festive garland”
  • Q. Tintallë “(Star) Kindler” ✧ PE17/069

Variations

  • -lle ✧ PE17/069; PE17/190
Quenya [PE17/069; PE17/190] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-lyë

you, thou

-l or -lyë (VT49:48, 51), pronominal endings for 2nd person sg. polite/formal "you, thou": caril or carilyë *"you do" (VT49:16), hamil "you judge" (VT42:33), anel "you were" (see #1); see -lyë for further examples. These endings may also be added to pronouns (etel/etelyë or mil, milyë; see et, mi). In one source, -l is rather used as a reduced affix denoting plural "you"; see heca! (WJ:364)

-stë

you

-stë "you", 2nd person dual pronominal ending (VT49:51, 53), e.g. caristë "the two of you do" (VT49:16). Tolkien first wrote carindë, but changed the ending (VT49:33). The ending -stë is derived from earlier -dde (VT49:46, 51). An archaic ending of similar form could also be the third person dual, "the two of them" (but see -ttë #1).

-stë

suffix. you (dual)

< -zde < -dde

Changes

  • -nde-ste “2nd person dual” ✧ VT49/16

Derivations

  • dede “2nd person dual” ✧ VT49/33; VT49/33; VT49/46
  • de “you (pl.)” ✧ VT49/51

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
dd > zd > -ste[-dde] > [-zde] > [-ste]✧ VT49/33
dede > dde > zde > ste[-dde] > [-zde] > [-ste]✧ VT49/33
dde > zde > -ste[-dde] > [-zde] > [-ste]✧ VT49/46
de > d-de > -ste[-dde] > [-zde] > [-ste]✧ VT49/51

Variations

  • -lle ✧ PE17/057
  • -ste ✧ PE17/057; VT49/16; VT49/33; VT49/46; VT49/51
  • -nde ✧ VT49/33 (-nde)
  • ste ✧ VT49/33
Quenya [PE17/057; VT49/16; VT49/33; VT49/46; VT49/51] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-tyë

you

-t (3) reduced pronominal affix of the 2. person, "you" (sg.), the long form being -tyë (both endings are listed in VT49:48). See heca regarding the example hecat (WJ:364). However, in a later source, Tolkien denies that -tyë has any short form (VT49:51, 57). The status of the ending -t is therefore doubtful.

-tyë

you, thou

-tyë pronominal ending "you, thou" (VT49:48, 51), 2nd person familiar/intimate: carityë *"you do" (VT49:16; the corresponding formal/polite ending is -l, -lyë, cf. PE17:135 where Tolkien states that hiruvalyë "thou shalt find" from Namárië would be hiruvatyë if the polite pronoun were replaced by the familiar one). Compare the independent pronoun tye. In VT49:51, Tolkien denies that the ending -tyë has any short form (see, however, -t # 3). Cf. natyë "you are"; see #1. Compare tye, -tya.

incë

you

incë ("k") *"you", emphatic pronoun for 2nd person pl. familiar, apparently a form abandoned by Tolkien. It is listed as an alternative to ilcë in the source, a query appearing between the forms (VT49:48, 49). The word could also be read as intë (VT49:49)

anarcandë

petition

#anarcandë noun "petition" (isolated from anarcandemman, "our petitions", possibly an error for *anarcandemmar) (VT44:8); Tolkien seems to have abandoned this word in favour of #arcandë, q.v.

le

you

le, pronominal element "you", (originally) the "reverential 2nd person sing" (RGEO:73, VT49:56). However, singular le was apparently altered to lye (q.v.), and le took on a plural significance (le for pl. "you" is apparently derived from de, the ancient 2nd person pl. stem, VT49:50-51). Stressed (VT49:51), dual let "the two of you" (ibid.). At certain points in Tolkiens conception, le was still sg. "thou" rather than pl. "you". It is attested as an ending in the imperative form antalë "give thou" (VT43:17); see anta-. The form ólë in VT43:29 apparently means *"with thee"; according to Tolkiens later system, it would rather mean "with you" (pl.) Compare aselyë "with thee" (sg.) in a later source (see as).

-(i)llo

suffix. you (dual)

-ilco

suffix. you (dual)

Changes

  • -llo-illo ✧ VT49/48
  • -ilto-ilko ✧ VT49/48

Variations

  • -llo ✧ PE17/075; VT49/49 (-llo)
  • -ilko ✧ PE17/075; VT49/48
  • -illo ✧ VT49/48
  • -ilto ✧ VT49/49 (-ilto)
Quenya [PE17/075; VT49/48; VT49/49] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tye

you, thou, thee

tye pron. "you, thou, thee", 2nd person intimate/familar (LR:61, 70, Arct, VT49:36, 55), corresponding to formal/polite lye. According to VT49:51, tye was used as an endearment especially between lovers, and (grand)parents and children also used it to address one another ("to use the adult lye was more stern"). Tyenya "my tye", used = "dear kinsman" (VT49:51). The pronoun tye is derived from kie, sc. an original stem ki with an added -e(VT49:50). Stressed tyé; dual tyet "the two of you" (VT49:51 another note reproduced on the same page however states that tye has no dual form, and VT49:52 likewise states that the 2nd person familiar "never deleloped" dual or plural forms). Compare the reflexive pronoun intyë "yourself". Possibly related to the pronominal stem KE (2nd person sg.), if tye represents earlier *kye.

-llo

you

[-llo (2) "you", dual; abandoned pronominal ending. Also written -illo. (VT49:49)]

alyë

you

alyë imperative particle with ending -lyë "you"; see a #3.

ilcë

you

ilcë ("k") (2) *"you", emphatic pronoun of the 2nd person pl. familiar, apparently a form abandoned by Tolkien. An alternative form incë was also listed; a query appears between the forms (VT49:48).

Sindarin 

-d

suffix. you

2nd du. pron. suff. #you (two). Q. -star.See paradigm PE17:132.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:132] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

de

pronoun. you

Sindarin [PE17/026] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-dh

suffix. you

{ð} 2nd du. pron. suff. #you (two). Q. -star.See paradigm PE17:132.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:132] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

-dh

suffix. you

{ð} 2nd sg. pron. suff. #you. Q. -tar.See paradigm PE17:132.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:132] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

-dhir

suffix. you

{ð} 2nd pl. pron. suff. #you. Q. -ltar.See paradigm PE17:132.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:132] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

Telerin 

de

pronoun. you

Derivations

  • le “you (sg.)” ✧ VT49/50

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Qenya 

-nde

suffix. general action verbal suffix

Element in

  • Q. arcandë “*petition”
  • ᴹQ. mittande “infixion, insertion” ✧ PE22/110
  • ᴺQ. parandë “(school) lesson”
  • ᴹQ. turyande “fortification, strengthening” ✧ PE22/110

-ste

suffix. general action verbal suffix

Cognates

  • N. -th “abstract noun”

Element in

  • ᴹQ. karaste “making, manufacture, construction” ✧ PE22/110
  • ᴹQ. keluste “outflow” ✧ PE22/110
  • ᴹQ. easte “being, essence”
  • ᴹQ. yeste “being, existence”
  • ᴹQ. faraste “hunting, the chase” ✧ PE22/110
  • ᴹQ. liruste “singing, chant” ✧ PE22/110
  • ᴹQ. meneste “intention” ✧ PE22/110
  • ᴹQ. nemeste “appearance” ✧ PE22/110
  • ᴹQ. olaste “growth” ✧ PE22/110
  • ᴹQ. tiriste “*watch, guard”
  • ᴹQ. tuluste “arrival” ✧ PE22/110

Variations

  • -stḗ ✧ PE22/110

-(á)re

suffix. general action verbal suffix

Element in

  • ᴹQ. ataltare “collapse” ✧ PE22/110
  • ᴹQ. fírimáre “mortality, the state of being mortal”
  • ᴹQ. istare “knowledge” ✧ PE22/110
  • ᴹQ. kelure “fountain” ✧ PE22/110
  • ᴹQ. ninqitáre “whitening, whitewashing” ✧ PE22/110
  • ᴹQ. ortare “lifting up” ✧ PE22/110

Variations

  • -rḗ ✧ PE22/110
  • árē̆ ✧ PE22/110

le

pronoun. you

Element in

Variations

  • le ✧ PE22/106; PE22/118; PE22/119; PE22/120; PE22/124; PE22/127
  • ✧ PE22/124
Qenya [PE22/106; PE22/118; PE22/119; PE22/120; PE22/123; PE22/124; PE22/127] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

-il

suffix. feminine agent

-(r)il

suffix. feminine agent

Element in

  • G. ainil “(female) god” ✧ GL/18
  • G. gwadhril “inhabitant (f.)” ✧ GL/47
  • G. bedhril “wife” ✧ GL/22
  • G. fedhril “one bound by oath [f.]” ✧ GL/34
  • G. gomodril “companion, associate, fellow (f.); nun” ✧ GL/41
  • G. gwingil “foam maiden, mermaid” ✧ GL/46
  • G. cwiril “spindle” ✧ GL/29
  • G. hiril “princess, †queen”

Variations

  • -il ✧ GL/18 (-il); GL/29 (-il); GL/34 (-il); GL/46 (-il)
  • -ril ✧ GL/22 (-ril); GL/41 (-ril); GL/47 (-ril)
Gnomish [GL/18; GL/22; GL/29; GL/34; GL/41; GL/46; GL/47] Group: Eldamo. Published by