Quenya 

-in

-in

-in dative pl. ending, seen in eldain, fírimoin, q.v.

-nna

to

-n (1) dative ending, originating as a reduced form of - "to", related to the allative ending -nna (VT49:14). Attested in nin, men, ten, enyalien, Erun, airefëan, tárin, yondon (q.v.) and also added to the English name Elaine (Elainen) in a book dedication to Elaine Griffiths (VT49:40). The longer dative ending -na is also attested in connection with some pronouns, such as sena, téna, véna (q.v.), also in the noun mariéna from márië "goodness" (PE17:59). Pl. -in (as in hínin, see hína), partitive pl. -lin, dual -nt (Plotz). The preposition ana (#1) is said to be used "when purely dative formula is required" (PE17:147), perhaps meaning that it can replace the dative ending, e.g. *ana Eru instead of Erun for "to God". In some of Tolkiens earlier material, the ending -n (or -en) expressed genitive rather than dative, but he later decided that the genitive ending was to be -o (cf. such a revision as Yénië Valinóren becoming Yénië Valinórëo, MR:200).

-nna

to, at, upon

-nna "to, at, upon", allative ending, originating from -na "to" with fortified n, VT49:14. Attested in cilyanna, coraryanna, Endorenna, Elendilenna, númenórenna, parma-restalyanna, rénna, senna, tielyanna, q.v. If a noun ends in -n already, the ending -nna merges with it, as in Amanna, formenna, Elenna, númenna, rómenna as the allative forms of Aman, formen, elen, númen, rómen (q.v.). Plural -nnar in mannar, valannar, q.v.

hilcin

it freezes

hilcin ("k")vb., glossed "it freezes" (LT1:254); if this word is to be adapted to LotR-style Quenya, it would have to mean "I freeze", but the shape of this word seems somewhat alien to Tolkien's later forms of Quenya (verbs with 1st person aorists in -in never have a consonant cluster immediately preceding this ending)

lingwë

fish

lingwë (stem *lingwi-, given the primitive form ¤liñwi) noun "fish" (LIW)

lingwë

noun. fish

A word for “fish” appearing in its plural form lingwi “fish” in notes on The Lands and Beasts of Númenor from 1965 (NM/336) and appearing as ᴹQ. lingwe “fish” from primitive ᴹ✶liñwi under the root ᴹ√LIW in The Etymologies of the 1930s (Ety/LIW).

Conceptual Development: Tolkien had ᴱQ. ingwe “fish” under the early root ᴱ√IWI “fish” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s (QL/43), and this word was also mentioned in the Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa (PME/43). The word {engwe >>} ingwe appeared unglossed in Early Qenya Word-lists of the 1920s (PE16/145). ᴹQ. lingwe “fish” with initial l first emerged in The Etymologies of the 1930s, as noted above.

Derivations

  • ᴹ√LIW “*fish”

Element in

-a

suffix. adjectival suffix

This suffix is frequently used to create the adjective form of a noun, especially in the form -ëa for nouns ending in . This function dates back to CE. ✶.

Derivations

  • “adjectival”

Element in

  • Q. airëa “holy (applied to persons)” ✧ PE17/149
  • ᴺQ. aitalëa “reverent, worshipful, religious”
  • Q. Aldëa “*Tuesday, Tree-day (Númenórean)”
  • Q. amaurëa “dawn, early day, morning” ✧ MC/223
  • Q. andúna “western”
  • ᴺQ. aurëa “sunny, sunlit; *daytime”
  • Q. endëa “middle”
  • Q. eressëa “lonely” ✧ LotR/1116
  • Q. fínëa “dexterous”
  • Q. ilaurëa “*daily”
  • Q. ilyarëa “*daily”
  • Q. ilucara “omnificent” ✧ VT39/20
  • Q. laurëa “golden (of hue)”
  • Q. lillassëa “having many leaves”
  • Q. lilótëa “having many flowers”
  • Q. lómëa “shadowed, gloomy, shadowed, gloomy, *dusk-like”
  • Q. mírëa “jewelled, jewelled, *gemmed”
  • Q. nieninquëa “like a snowdrop” ✧ PE16/096
  • Q. nöa “former; yesterday; tomorrow, yesterday; former, *previous; tomorrow”
  • ᴺQ. nornolassëa “having oak-leaves”
  • Q. núla “dark, occult, mysterious”
  • Q. oialëa “eternal”
  • Q. rávëa “roaring”
  • Q. taurëa “forested”
  • Q. túrëa “mighty, masterful, mighty, masterful, *having political power” ✧ PE17/115
  • Q. úfanwëa “not veiled, unveiled”
  • Q. úpahtëa “speechless”
  • Q. vëa “seeming, apparent, seeming, apparent; [ᴱQ.] similar, like”
  • Q. yaimëa “wailing”
Quenya [LotR/1116; MC/223; PE16/096; PE17/115; PE17/149; VT39/20] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-r

suffix. plural suffix

Derivations

  • -r “plural ending”

Element in

Variations

  • -r ✧ PE17/057; PE17/062; PE17/063; PE17/073; PE17/075; PE17/127; PE17/135; PE17/190; PE22/161; VT49/16; VT49/17; VT49/48; VT49/51
  • r ✧ PM/402
  • re ✧ VT49/49 (re)
Quenya [PE17/057; PE17/062; PE17/063; PE17/073; PE17/075; PE17/127; PE17/135; PE17/190; PE22/161; PM/402; VT49/16; VT49/17; VT49/48; VT49/49; VT49/51] Group: Eldamo. Published by

na

to, towards

na (2) prep. "to, towards", possibly obsoleted by #1 above; for clarity writers may use the synonym ana instead (NĀ1). Originally, Tolkien glossed na as "at, by, near"; the new meaning entered together with the synonyms an, ana (VT45:36).

-ya

suffix. adjective suffix

Derivations

  • -yā “present participle” ✧ PE17/068

Element in

  • Q. Aldúya “*Tuesday, Day of the Two Trees”
  • Q. Amanyar “Those of Aman”
  • Q. Anarya “Sunday, (lit.) Sun-day”
  • Q. apacenya “of foresight”
  • Q. attalya “biped, *(lit.) two-footed”
  • ᴺQ. cantalya “four-legged, quadruped, (lit.) four-footed”
  • Q. -carya “doing” ✧ PE17/068
  • Q. Eärenya “Sea-day, *Thursday”
  • Q. elenya “adjective referring to the stars, *of the stars, stellar”
  • Q. entya “central, middle”
  • Q. firya “mortal; human, [ᴹQ.] human; [Q.] mortal”
  • Q. Isilya “*Monday, Moon-day”
  • Q. -matya “-eating” ✧ PE17/068
  • Q. Menelya “*Wednesday, Heavens-day”
  • Q. minya “first; eminent, prominent”
  • Q. Narya “(Ring) of Fire”
  • Q. Nenya “(Ring) of Water”
  • ᴺQ. ruimenya “fireside, by the fire”
  • Q. tatya “second”
  • Q. tercenya “of insight”
  • Q. Valanya “*Friday, Vala-day”
  • Q. Vilya “(Ring) of Air”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
-ı̯ā > -ya[-jā] > [-ja]✧ PE17/068

Variations

  • -ya ✧ PE17/068 (-ya)

ana

to

ana (1) prep. "to" (VT49:35), "as preposition _ana _is used when purely _dative formula is required" (PE17:147), perhaps meaning that the preposition ana can be used instead of the dative ending -n (#1, q.v.) Also as prefix: ana- "to, towards" (NĀ1); an (q.v.) is used with this meaning in one source (PE17:127)_

nixi

name. fish

Quenya [PE 22:125] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

Sindarin 

-in

suffix. adjective suffix

-i

suffix. adjectival suffix

Derivations

  • -ya “adjectival suffix” ✧ VT42/10

Element in

  • S. serni “shingle, pebble bank” ✧ VT42/10

-en

suffix. adjective suffix

Derivations

  • -inā “adjective; passive participle”

Element in

  • S. aewen “of birds” ✧ SA/lin¹
  • ᴺS. anóren “sunny”
  • S. dínen “silent” ✧ PE17/098
  • S. firin “mortal, dying, dying, mortal; [N.] human”
  • S. glórin “*golden, golden, [G.] of gold”
  • S. lossen “snowy” ✧ RGEO/62
  • ᴺS. mirwelthen “vintage, *(lit.) wine pressing”
  • S. rhúnen “eastern”
  • S. thurin “secret, hidden”
  • S. tolothen “eighth” ✧ SD/129

Variations

  • -en ✧ PE17/098 (-en); RGEO/62 (-en); SA/lin¹ (-en); SD/129
Sindarin [PE17/098; RGEO/62; SA/lin¹; SD/129] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-iel

suffix. adjective suffix

Element in

Variations

  • -iel ✧ S/235 (-iel)

-ren

suffix. adjective suffix

@@@ perhaps a later, S-only, innovation

Cognates

  • Q. -rin “-ian, racial-adjective, language”

Element in

an

preposition. to, towards, for

With suffixed article and elision in aglar'ni Pheriannath

Sindarin [LotR/II:IV, UT/39, SD/129-31] Group: SINDICT. Published by

an

to

_ prep. _to, for. naur an edraith ammen! 'fire [be] for rescue/saving for us'. aglar an|i Pheriannath  'glory to all the Halflings'.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:38:102:147] < _ana _< ANA/NĀ to, towards – added to, plu-. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

na

to

e _ prep. _to, towards (of spacetime). n' before vowels. >> nan 2

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:147] < _nā _< ANA/NĀ to, towards – added to, plu-. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

na

preposition. to

prep. to Na-chaered palan-díriel lit. "To-distance (remote) after-gazing" >> na-chaered, nan 2

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:20-1:25] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

-eb

suffix. adjective suffix

Cognates

  • Q. -inqua “-ful, complete” ✧ WJ/412

Derivations

  • -ikwā “-ful, adjectival suffix” ✧ WJ/412
    • KWA “complete, full, whole, all, every, complete, full, whole, all, every; [ᴹ√] something” ✧ WJ/412; WJ/415

Element in

  • S. aglareb “glorious, brilliant, glorious, brilliant, *radiant” ✧ WJ/412
  • ᴺS. eitheb “thorny, *(orig.) full of points; sharp”
  • S. ereb “single, alone, lonely, single, alone, lonely, [N.] isolated”
  • S. fíreb “mortal”
  • ᴺS. glidheb “like honey”
  • S. gorthob “horrible”
  • S. maecheneb “sharp-eye[d]” ✧ WJ/337
  • ᴺS. maeligeb “wealthy, rich”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ikwā > -ipā > -eb[-ikwā] > [-ipā] > [-ipa] > [-epa] > [-ep] > [-eb]✧ WJ/412
Sindarin [WJ/337; WJ/412] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lim

noun. fish

Sindarin [Ety/369, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

an

to

(prep.) an (+ nasal mutation), with article ni "to the" (+ nasal mutation in plural).

an

to

(adverbial prefix) an-. 3)

lim

noun. fish

Element in

  • ᴺS. limmeg “young fish, small fry”
Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/adaptations. Published by

hâl

fish

(noun) hâl (i châl, o châl, construct hal), pl. hail (i chail) (VT45:20); also lim (no distinct pl. form; coll. pl. limmath). Note: a homophone means ”clear, sparkling, light”.

hâl

fish

(i châl, o châl, construct hal), pl. hail (i chail) (VT45:20); also lim (no distinct pl. form; coll. pl. limmath). Note: a homophone means ”clear, sparkling, light”.

Telerin 

-ya

suffix. adjective suffix

Element in

  • T. canatya “fourth” ✧ VT42/25
  • T. enetya “sixth” ✧ VT42/25
  • T. lepenya “fifth” ✧ VT42/25
  • T. minya “first” ✧ VT42/25
  • T. nelya “third” ✧ VT42/25
  • T. neterya “ninth” ✧ VT42/25
  • T. ototya “seventh” ✧ VT42/25
  • T. paianya “tenth” ✧ VT42/25
  • T. tatya “second” ✧ VT42/25
  • T. tolodya “eighth” ✧ VT42/25

Black Speech

u

preposition. to

Element in

Black Speech [LotR/0445; PE17/078; PM/083] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Adûnaic

-in

suffix. feminine subjective suffix

The subjective suffix for singular feminine-nouns, reduced to -n when the noun ends in a vowel (SD/430, 436).

Adûnaic [SD/430; SD/436] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Primitive elvish

-ni

suffix. adjectival suffix

Seen in lugni < LUG, luini < LUY and ninkwi < NIKW (with subsequent metathesis). Possibly a (rare) variant of -nā and/or -i.

Primitive elvish [PE17/168, PE21/81, PE17/136, 161; VT48/24, 27] Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

-ya

suffix. adjectival suffix

Derivatives

  • Q. -ëa “ordinal suffix” ✧ VT42/25
  • Q. -ya “his, her, its (colloquial)” ✧ VT49/17
  • S. -i “adjectival suffix” ✧ VT42/10
  • S. -ui “-ful, having quality, adjective suffix; possibility, suitability [as verbal suffix], *-able” ✧ VT42/10; VT42/25; VT42/25

Element in

  • minya “first” ✧ VT42/25
  • otsōyā “seventh” ✧ VT42/25
  • -syā “his, her, its” ✧ VT49/17
  • Q. lepenya “fifth” ✧ VT42/25
  • Q. minya “first; eminent, prominent” ✧ VT42/25
  • Q. nelya “third” ✧ VT42/25

Variations

  • ✧ PE21/78
  • -i ✧ PE21/81
  • -jā̆ ✧ PE21/81
  • -jā ✧ PE22/136; VT49/17
  • -yā ✧ VT42/25
  • ō-yā ✧ VT42/25
  • ū-yā ✧ VT42/25
Primitive elvish [PE21/78; PE21/81; PE22/136; VT42/10; VT42/25; VT49/17] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Noldorin 

-in

suffix. adjective suffix

-rin

suffix. adjective suffix

-(i)on

suffix. adjectival suffix

Element in

  • N. Tilion “Horned” ✧ Ety/TIL

Variations

  • -ion ✧ Ety/TIL (-ion)

-en

suffix. adjective suffix

Cognates

  • Ilk. -en “adjectival suffix”
  • ᴹQ. -ina “adjective suffix; passive participle”

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶-ina “adjective”

Element in

  • N. Alchorin “Not-of-Kôr”
  • N. brassen “white-hot, *very hot” ✧ Ety/BARAS
  • N. dolen “hidden, secret” ✧ Ety/DUL
  • N. firen “human” ✧ Ety/PHIR
  • N. gwelwen “air, lower air” ✧ Ety/WIL
  • N. lhaden “flat (and wide); open, cleared, flat (and wide); open, cleared; [ᴱN.] smooth”
  • N. malthen “of gold” ✧ Ety/SMAL
  • N. meglin “*bear-like” ✧ Ety/LIS
  • N. methen “end, final” ✧ Ety/MET
  • N. pichen “juicy, juicy, *oozing” ✧ Ety/PIS
  • N. tawaren “wooden” ✧ Ety/TÁWAR
  • N. tithen “little, tiny”

Variations

  • -in ✧ Ety/LIS (-in)
Noldorin [Ety/BARAS; Ety/DUL; Ety/LIS; Ety/MET; Ety/PHIR; Ety/PIS; Ety/SMAL; Ety/TÁWAR; Ety/WIL] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-ui

suffix. adjective suffix

Element in

  • N. bronadui “enduring, lasting”
  • N. crumui “left-handed” ✧ Ety/KURÚM
  • N. edraenui “?outside, bordering, outer” ✧ EtyAC/REG (edraenui)
  • N. Erchamui “One-handed”
  • N. gellui “triumphant” ✧ Ety/GYEL
  • N. hithui “misty”
  • N. istui “learned” ✧ Ety/IS
  • N. lithui “ash[en]”
  • N. moelui “lustful” ✧ Ety/MIL-IK
  • N. milui “friendly, loving, kind” ✧ Ety/MEL
  • N. nenui “wet”
  • N. nínui “*tearful”
  • N. Odothui “Seventh”
  • N. uanui “monstrous” ✧ Ety/BAN
  • N. Úrui “August, *Hot-one”
Noldorin [Ety/BAN; Ety/GYEL; Ety/IS; Ety/KURÚM; Ety/MEL; Ety/MIL-IK; EtyAC/REG] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-iel

suffix. adjective suffix

Element in

  • N. gloriel “golden” ✧ Ety/LÁWAR
  • N. niniel “tearful” ✧ Ety/NEI

Variations

  • -iel ✧ Ety/LÁWAR (-iel); Ety/NEI (-iel)
Noldorin [Ety/LÁWAR; Ety/NEI] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-ren

suffix. adjective suffix

Element in

Variations

  • -rin ✧ RS/432 (-rin)
Noldorin [Ety/ANGĀ; Ety/GLAM; Ety/KHYAR; Ety/KWET; Ety/KYELEP; Ety/LUM; Ety/PHAL; Ety/PHOR; Ety/TATHAR; RS/432] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-eb

suffix. adjective suffix

Element in

Noldorin [Ety/AKLA-R; Ety/DYEL; Ety/KAY; Ety/OY] Group: Eldamo. Published by

hâl

noun. fish

Noldorin [VT/45:20] Group: SINDICT. Published by

hâl

noun. fish

A noun for “fish” appearing on the front page of The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from primitive ᴹ✶khala (EtyAC/KHAL¹). As such, it was probably based on the root ᴹ√KHAL “(small) fish” (Ety/KHAL¹), but may have transferred to ᴹ√SKAL “small fish” when Tolkien revised that root (Ety/SKAL²).

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. hala “(small) fish” ✧ EtyAC/KHAL¹

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶skala “fish” ✧ EtyAC/KHAL¹
    • ᴹ√SKAL “small fish” ✧ EtyAC/KHAL¹

Element in

  • N. heledir(n) “kingsfisher, (lit.) fish-watcher”
  • ᴺS. torchal “shark or other large predatory fish”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶khala > hâl[kʰala] > [xala] > [xal] > [xāl] > [hāl]✧ EtyAC/KHAL¹
Noldorin [EtyAC/KHAL¹] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lhim

noun. fish

Noldorin [Ety/369, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lhim

noun. fish

A noun appearing as N. lhim “fish” in The Etymologies of the 1930s, derived from primitive ᴹ✶liñwi of the same meaning (Ety/LIW), where the labialized velar ñw (&gt; ñgw) became the labial m (&lt; mb) and the initial l unvoiced to lh.

Conceptual Development: In the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, Tolkien had G. ing “fish” (GL/51), cognate to ᴱQ. ingwe of the same meaning (QL/43). In Gnomish labialized velars only became labials in limited circumstances, so the primitive ng survived.

Neo-Sindarin: Since the unvoicing of initial liquids did not occur in Sindarin, many people adapt this word as ᴺS. lim “fish” for purposes of Neo-Sindarin, as suggested in HSD (HSD).

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. lingwe “fish” ✧ Ety/LIW

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶liñwi “fish” ✧ Ety/LIW
    • ᴹ√LIW “*fish” ✧ Ety/LIW

Element in

  • N. lhimlug “fish-dragon, sea-serpent” ✧ Ety/LOK

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶liñwi > lhimb > lhim[liŋwi] > [liŋgwi] > [liŋgwe] > [limbe] > [limb] > [l̥imb] > [l̥imb] > [l̥imm] > [l̥im]✧ Ety/LIW
Noldorin [Ety/LIW; Ety/LOK] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lhimb

noun. fish

Noldorin [Ety/369, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

heltha-

verb. to strip

The form helta- in the Etymologies is a misreading according to VT/46:14

Noldorin [Ety/386, VT/46:14] Group: SINDICT. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Qenya 

-i

suffix. plural suffix

-voite

suffix. adjective suffix

Element in

Elements

WordGloss
-ite“(verbal) adjective ending”

lingwe

noun. fish

Cognates

  • N. lhim “fish” ✧ Ety/LIW
  • Ilk. líw “fish” ✧ Ety/LIW

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶liñwi “fish” ✧ Ety/LIW
    • ᴹ√LIW “*fish” ✧ Ety/LIW

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶liñwi > lingwe[liŋwi] > [liŋgwi] > [liŋge]✧ Ety/LIW

-a

suffix. adjectival suffix

Element in

  • ᴹQ. eressea “lonely” ✧ Ety/ERE
  • ᴹQ. fárea “enough, sufficient”
  • ᴹQ. hiswa “grey, grey [of weather], *foggy, overcast; [ᴱQ.] dim, fading”
  • ᴹQ. kaimassea “bedridden, sick, bedridden, sick, [ᴱQ.] confined to bed, a-bed”
  • ᴹQ. kuivea “wakening”
  • ᴹQ. lintyulussea “having many poplars”
  • ᴹQ. lúmeqentalea “historical”
  • ᴹQ. mailea “lustful”
  • ᴹQ. naikelea “painful, painful, [ᴱQ.] agonizing”
  • ᴹQ. nengwea “nasal”
  • ᴹQ. nornea “*of oak”
  • ᴹQ. rinda “circular”
  • ᴹQ. toa “of wool, woollen”
  • ᴹQ. valya “having (divine) authority or power, having (divine) authority or power, *authorized, official”
  • ᴹQ. vórea “continuous, enduring, lasting; continuant”
  • ᴹQ. yalúmea “olden”
  • ᴹQ. yárea “olden”

-r

suffix. plural suffix

-ya

suffix. adjective suffix

Element in

Doriathrin

líw

noun. fish

A Doriathrin noun for “fish” derived from primitive ᴹ✶liñwi (Ety/LIW). It is the clearest example of how [[ilk|[ŋg] vanished before [w] lengthening the preceding vowel]], as suggested by Helge Fauskanger (AL-Doriathrin/líw). @@@ same development in ᴱN hiw PE13/147

Conceptual Development: This word first appeared as rejected ling (EtyAC/LIW), probably reflecting Tolkien’s uncertainty on the development of [-ŋgw-] in Ilkorin.

Changes

  • linglíw ✧ Ety/LIW

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. lingwe “fish” ✧ Ety/LIW

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶liñwi “fish” ✧ Ety/LIW
    • ᴹ√LIW “*fish” ✧ Ety/LIW
  • ᴹ√LIW “*fish” ✧ EtyAC/LIW

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶liñwi > líw[liŋwi] > [liŋgwi] > [liŋgwe] > [līwe] > [līw]✧ Ety/LIW
ᴹ√LINGWI > ling[liŋwi] > [liŋgwi] > [liŋgwe] > [liŋge] > [liŋg]✧ EtyAC/LIW

Variations

  • ling ✧ EtyAC/LIW (Dor. ling)
Doriathrin [Ety/LIW; EtyAC/LIW] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-in Reconstructed

suffix. plural suffix

A suffix appearing in almost all attested Ilkorin plurals.

Conceptual Development: This suffix is the same as the most common Gnomish plural suffix -in (GG/10).

Doriathrin [Ety/BAL] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-en Reconstructed

suffix. adjectival suffix

An adjectival suffix appearing as both -en and -in, and in one place as -on: Brithon. The -en form can be easily explained as a derivative of the primitive suffix ᴹ✶-ina, with the [[ilk|primitive [i] becoming [e] due to Ilkorin a-affection]], the same origin as the Noldorin adjectival suffix -en. The -in variant is more difficult to explain. At least one example lómen had variations with both -en and -in, so perhaps the two forms represented vacillation on the function of Ilkorin a-affection, or an alternate primitive form ᴹ✶-ină where the final ă was lost before a-affection.

Alternately, -in could be a Doriathrin-specific variant, since the forms where it appears are all Doriathrin, while the forms where -en appear are marked Ilkorin, excepting only lómen which was itself revised from lómin.

Cognates

  • N. -en “adjective suffix”

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶-ina “adjective”

Element in

Doriathrin [Ety/LAM] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Middle Primitive Elvish

liñwi

noun. fish

Derivations

  • ᴹ√LIW “*fish” ✧ Ety/LIW

Derivatives

  • Ilk. líw “fish” ✧ Ety/LIW
  • ᴹQ. lingwe “fish” ✧ Ety/LIW
  • N. lhim “fish” ✧ Ety/LIW
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/LIW] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-ya

suffix. adjectival suffix

Variations

  • -jā̆ ✧ PE21/59
Middle Primitive Elvish [PE21/59] Group: Eldamo. Published by

skala

noun. fish

Derivations

  • ᴹ√SKAL “small fish” ✧ EtyAC/KHAL¹

Derivatives

  • ᴹQ. hala “(small) fish” ✧ EtyAC/KHAL¹
  • N. hâl “fish” ✧ EtyAC/KHAL¹

Element in

Variations

  • khala ✧ EtyAC/KHAL¹
Middle Primitive Elvish [EtyAC/KHAL¹] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

-in

suffix. plural suffix

Cognates

  • Eq. -i “plural suffix” ✧ GG/10

Derivations

Variations

  • -in ✧ GG/10; GG/10

-in

suffix. adjective ending

Element in

  • G. gulin “patient, enduring, long suffering; (lit.) burdened” ✧ GL/38
  • G. orcômin “fierce and bloody minded”

Variations

  • -in ✧ GL/38

-(i)on

suffix. adjectival suffix

Element in

  • G. ailion “lake, pool” ✧ GL/17
  • G. agrecthion “despised” ✧ GL/27
  • G. alewthion “having fingers”
  • G. argulthion “equal, equivalent” ✧ GL/20
  • G. baron “from home, out, away, abroad” ✧ GL/21
  • G. carthion “complete, perfect” ✧ GL/25
  • G. far(o)n “separate, different, strange” ✧ GL/34
  • G. calon “grown (of plants), budd[ing], in blade (of corn)” ✧ GL/25
  • G. hebon “bound; (also) bounded, surrounded” ✧ GL/48
  • G. gwedhwion “bending, looping” ✧ GL/46
  • G. gwidhon “woven” ✧ GL/46
  • G. helon “frozen” ✧ GL/48
  • G. falon “naked” ✧ GL/33
  • G. gweron “spun, rounded, cylindrical” ✧ GL/46
  • G. furion “secret, concealed, hidden” ✧ GL/36

Variations

  • -ion ✧ GL/17 (-ion); GL/20 (-ion); GL/25 (-ion); GL/27 (-ion); GL/36 (-ion); GL/46 (-ion)
  • -on ✧ GL/21 (-on); GL/25 (-on); GL/33 (-on); GL/34 (-on); GL/46 (-on); GL/46 (-on); GL/48 (-on); GL/48 (-on)
Gnomish [GL/17; GL/20; GL/21; GL/25; GL/27; GL/33; GL/34; GL/36; GL/46; GL/48] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-(r)in

suffix. adjective suffix

Element in

  • G. angrin “of iron, iron” ✧ GL/19
  • G. anothrin “adult (of men), fullgrown; manly” ✧ GL/19
  • G. aulin “wrong” ✧ GL/20
  • G. baldrin “mighty” ✧ GL/21
  • G. belin “expanded, unrolled, unfurled, set (of sails)” ✧ GL/22
  • G. benin “shapely, pretty” ✧ GL/22
  • G. bedhin “wedded, married” ✧ GL/22
  • G. felegrin “equable” ✧ GL/34
  • G. felthadrin “probable” ✧ GL/34
  • G. blethrin “gracious, kind” ✧ GL/23
  • G. celchin “of glass” ✧ GL/25
  • G. celebrin “of silver” ✧ GL/25
  • G. cîrin “present (place or time), modern” ✧ GL/26
  • G. clogrin “stony, stone-like” ✧ GL/26
  • G. codrin “nutty” ✧ GL/26
  • G. crogin “hooked” ✧ GL/27
  • G. culwin “golden” ✧ GL/27
  • G. curin “magical” ✧ GL/28 (curin)
  • G. dribin “worn out” ✧ GL/30
  • G. elegrin “different, strange” ✧ GL/32
  • G. Egladrin
  • G. egrin “wide, vast, broad; far” ✧ GL/32
  • G. erethrin “isolated, solitary, lonely” ✧ GL/33
  • G. embrin “by name, named” ✧ GL/32 (embrin)
  • G. fadrin “sufficient” ✧ GL/33
  • G. fadin “sated, saturated” ✧ GL/33
  • G. fathrin “tasselled” ✧ GL/34
  • G. fegrin “free” ✧ QL/037
  • G. fidhrin “haired”
  • G. flathrin “foamy, tasseled” ✧ GL/35
  • G. fofrin “foolish” ✧ GL/35
  • G. gaisin “of steel” ✧ GL/37
  • G. gaithrin “like steel” ✧ GL/37
  • G. gedrin “sib, akin” ✧ GL/38
  • G. gîrin “bygone, old, belonging to former days, olden, former, ancient” ✧ GL/38
  • G. glanthin “cleanly, pure” ✧ GL/39
  • G. glanwethrin “cleanly, pure” ✧ GL/39
  • G. glastrin “marble” ✧ GL/39
  • G. glathrin “brilliant, lucent” ✧ GL/39
  • G. glen(d)rin “slender” ✧ GL/39
  • G. glôrin “golden, of gold” ✧ GL/40
  • G. glothrin “white, clear white” ✧ GL/40
  • G. godaithri(o)n “learned, educated” ✧ GL/40
  • G. gudhrin “inflamed, burning hot” ✧ GL/42
  • G. haithin “gone, departed, lost” ✧ GL/47
  • G. fedhin “bound by agreement; ally, friend”
  • G. gwegrin “masculine” ✧ GL/44
  • G. ganothrin “youthful” ✧ GL/37
  • G. giothrin “embryonic” ✧ GL/39
  • G. celegrin “glassy, like glass” ✧ GL/25
  • G. hethrin “of the same family (in a close sense), consanguine” ✧ GL/48
  • G. haugrin “lowly, humble, mean” ✧ GL/48
  • G. cagrin “funny, amusing” ✧ GL/24
  • G. glingrin “musical” ✧ GL/39
  • G. ausin “rich; fortune” ✧ GL/20
  • G. gwethrin “welcome, acceptable” ✧ GL/47
  • G. fagin “cut” ✧ GL/33
  • G. singrin “salt”
  • G. aurin “made (by craft of hand), wrought, fashioned” ✧ GL/20
  • G. gerin “metallic” ✧ GL/38
  • G. fostrin “odorous” ✧ GL/36

Variations

  • -rin ✧ GL/19 (-rin); GL/19 (-rin); GL/21 (-rin); GL/23 (-rin); GL/24 (-rin); GL/25 (-rin); GL/25 (-rin); GL/26 (-rin); GL/26 (-rin); GL/26 (-rin); GL/32 (-rin); GL/32 (-rin); GL/32 (-rin); GL/33 (-rin); GL/33 (-rin); GL/34 (-rin); GL/34 (-rin); GL/34 (-rin); GL/35 (-rin); GL/35 (-rin); GL/36 (-rin); GL/37 (-rin); GL/37 (-rin); GL/38 (-rin); GL/39 (-rin); GL/39 (-rin); GL/39 (-rin); GL/39 (-rin); GL/39 (-rin); GL/39 (-rin); GL/40 (-rin); GL/40 (-rin); GL/44 (-rin); GL/47 (-rin); GL/48 (-rin); GL/48 (-rin); QL/037 (-rin)
  • -in ✧ GL/20 (-in); GL/20 (-in); GL/20 (-in); GL/22 (-in); GL/22 (-in); GL/22 (-in); GL/25 (-in); GL/27 (-in); GL/27 (-in); GL/28 (-in); GL/30 (-in); GL/33 (-in); GL/33 (-in); GL/37 (-in); GL/38 (-in); GL/38 (-in); GL/39 (-in); GL/40 (-in); GL/42 (-in); GL/47 (-in)
Gnomish [GL/19; GL/20; GL/21; GL/22; GL/23; GL/24; GL/25; GL/26; GL/27; GL/28; GL/30; GL/32; GL/33; GL/34; GL/35; GL/36; GL/37; GL/38; GL/39; GL/40; GL/42; GL/44; GL/47; GL/48; QL/037] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-li

suffix. noun suffix

Element in

  • G. fabli “sense of touch” ✧ GL/33
  • G. brigli “variation” ✧ GL/24
  • G. togli “cap”
  • G. cwathli “plume, spray, tassel” ✧ GL/28
  • G. dothli “drizzle” ✧ GL/30 (dothli)
  • G. egli(n) “needle” ✧ GL/32
  • G. faigli “hair, long tresses” ✧ GL/33
  • G. fathli “tasselled fringe” ✧ GL/34
  • G. fafli “bladder” ✧ GL/33
  • G. fimli “skill” ✧ GL/35
  • G. fingli “narrow place, straits, sound, pass in mountains” ✧ GL/35
  • G. gethli “friendship” ✧ GL/38
  • G. gobli “dell” ✧ GL/40
  • G. gwembel “weevil” ✧ GL/45
  • G. fwegli “brush” ✧ GL/36
  • G. gimli “(sense of) hearing” ✧ GL/38
  • G. curuthli “enchantments, sorcery” ✧ GL/28
  • G. cwinglios “archery” ✧ GL/28
  • G. sogli “a drinking-horn” ✧ GL/68
  • G. tuthli “match”
Gnomish [GL/24; GL/28; GL/30; GL/32; GL/33; GL/34; GL/35; GL/36; GL/38; GL/40; GL/45; GL/68] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-on

suffix. noun suffix

Element in

  • G. gavon “harvest (time)” ✧ GL/38
  • G. glingon “song, chanting, chant” ✧ GL/39
Gnomish [GL/38; GL/39] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-wi

suffix. noun suffix

Element in

  • G. flathwi “scud, spray, spindrift” ✧ GL/35
  • G. hebwirol “circumspect” ✧ GL/48

Variations

  • -wi ✧ GL/35 (-wi); GL/48 (-wi)
Gnomish [GL/35; GL/48] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ing

noun. fish

Cognates

Derivations

  • ᴱ√IWI “*fish”

Element in

  • G. igli “young of fish, small fry” ✧ GL/51

-thi

suffix. noun suffix

Element in

  • G. cailthi “kiss” ✧ GL/24
  • G. grilthi “finger-ring” ✧ GL/42
  • G. failthi “pallor” ✧ GL/33
  • G. finthi “idea, notion” ✧ GL/35
  • G. glant(hi) “cleanness” ✧ GL/39
  • G. gofelthi “exact similarity” ✧ GL/40
  • G. gwalthi “fortune, happiness” ✧ GL/44
  • G. gwanthi “fairness, beauty; a fair face, pretty” ✧ LT1A/Vána
  • G. gwilthi “peace” ✧ GL/45
  • G. halthi “sheath” ✧ GL/47

Variations

  • -thi ✧ GL/24 (-thi); GL/33 (-thi); GL/35 (-thi); GL/39 (-thi); GL/40 (-thi); GL/42 (-thi); GL/44 (-thi); GL/45 (-thi); GL/47 (-thi); LT1A/Vána (-thi)
Gnomish [GL/24; GL/33; GL/35; GL/39; GL/40; GL/42; GL/44; GL/45; GL/47; LT1A/Vána] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-wen

suffix. noun suffix

Element in

Variations

  • -wen ✧ GG/08 (-wen); GL/19 (-wen); GL/22 (-wen); GL/24 (-wen); GL/25 (-wen); GL/29 (-wen); GL/30 (-wen); GL/31 (-wen); GL/33 (-wen); GL/35 (-wen); GL/36 (-wen); GL/38 (-wen); GL/42 (-wen); GL/42 (-wen); GL/43 (-wen); GL/49 (-wen); LT1A/Palúrien (-wen); PE13/114 (-wen)
Gnomish [GG/08; GL/19; GL/22; GL/24; GL/25; GL/29; GL/30; GL/31; GL/33; GL/35; GL/36; GL/38; GL/42; GL/43; GL/49; LT1A/Palúrien; PE13/114] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-(i)ol

suffix. adjective suffix

Element in

  • G. aglar(i)ol “glorious” ✧ GL/17
  • G. barchol “terrible, awful” ✧ GL/22
  • G. bodruithol “vengeful (by nature)” ✧ GL/23 (bodruithol)
  • G. bronniol “constant, faithful” ✧ GL/24
  • G. cancol “laughing” ✧ GL/24 (cancol)
  • G. cauthiol “tasteful, endowed with good taste; discreet, circumspect” ✧ GL/24
  • G. clochiol “stone” ✧ GL/40
  • G. gumriol “burdensome” ✧ GL/43
  • G. cucthol “painstaking” ✧ GL/27
  • G. cunghol “painstaking” ✧ GL/27
  • G. diriol “tedious” ✧ GL/30
  • G. drauthiol “arduous, labourious” ✧ GL/30
  • G. egriol “excessive”
  • G. enwiol “nominal” ✧ GL/32
  • G. dairiol “merry (of things), funny” ✧ GL/29
  • G. glarossiol “dazzling” ✧ GL/39
  • G. glôriol “golden, like gold” ✧ GL/40
  • G. gudhriol “inflamed, inflammatory” ✧ GL/42
  • G. gwassiol “rushing, noisy, loud, rustling or splashing” ✧ GL/44
  • G. gwenniniol “maiden(ly), girlish” ✧ GL/45
  • G. gwilbriniol “like a butterfly” ✧ GL/45
  • G. gwirthol “reluctant” ✧ GL/46
  • G. bridol “changing, varying, variable” ✧ GL/24
  • G. hadhol “abiding; enduring, constant, faithful” ✧ GL/47
  • G. hadruithol “vengeful” ✧ GL/47
  • G. hiriol “anxious” ✧ GL/49
  • G. gwiniol “feminine” ✧ GL/45
  • G. gimriol “audible, noticeable” ✧ GL/38
  • G. gwesol “affable” ✧ GL/47
  • G. gothriol “warlike” ✧ GL/42
  • G. brigol “afraid; fearful, timid” ✧ GL/24

Variations

  • -ol ✧ GL/17 (-ol); GL/22 (-ol); GL/23 (-ol); GL/24 (-ol); GL/24 (-ol); GL/24 (-ol); GL/27 (-ol); GL/27 (-ol); GL/38 (-ol); GL/42 (-ol); GL/42 (-ol); GL/43 (-ol); GL/46 (-ol); GL/47 (-ol); GL/47 (-ol); GL/47 (-ol)
  • -iol ✧ GL/24 (-iol); GL/24 (-iol); GL/29 (-iol); GL/30 (-iol); GL/30 (-iol); GL/32 (-iol); GL/39 (-iol); GL/40 (-iol); GL/40 (-iol); GL/44 (-iol); GL/45 (-iol); GL/45 (-iol); GL/45 (-iol); GL/49 (-iol)
Gnomish [GL/17; GL/22; GL/23; GL/24; GL/27; GL/29; GL/30; GL/32; GL/38; GL/39; GL/40; GL/42; GL/43; GL/44; GL/45; GL/46; GL/47; GL/49] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-r(i)ol

suffix. adjective suffix

Element in

Variations

  • -rol ✧ GL/17 (-rol); GL/25 (-rol); GL/48 (-rol)
  • -riol ✧ GL/24 (-riol); GL/25 (-riol); GL/29 (-riol); GL/32 (-riol); GL/42 (-riol)
Gnomish [GL/17; GL/24; GL/25; GL/29; GL/32; GL/42; GL/48] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-eg

suffix. adjectival suffix

-la

suffix. noun suffix

Element in

Variations

  • -la ✧ GL/24 (-la)

-od

suffix. noun suffix

Element in

  • G. archod “difficulty” ✧ PE13/110
  • G. cariod(wen) “activity” ✧ GL/25
  • G. driod “heroism, valour” ✧ GL/30
  • G. drogod “slavery, bondage, thraldom” ✧ GL/31
  • G. gruithod “ferocious wrath” ✧ GL/42
  • G. golod “stink, stench” ✧ GL/41
Gnomish [GL/25; GL/30; GL/31; GL/41; GL/42; PE13/110] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-og

suffix. adjectival suffix

Element in

  • G. aistog “holy, revered, awful” ✧ GL/18
  • G. alepthog “fingered, having fingers”
  • G. feleg “equal” ✧ GL/34
  • G. bodruithog “thirsting for vengeance (for a particular act)” ✧ GL/23 (bodruithog)
  • G. crithog “circular” ✧ GL/27
  • G. cuilog “alive, lively” ✧ GL/27
  • G. cwiliog “bright-hued” ✧ GL/28
  • G. driog “valiant” ✧ GL/30
  • G. duileg “having power of flight, fledged” ✧ GL/31
  • G. durog “wooden” ✧ GL/31
  • G. eleg “other, else” ✧ GL/32
  • G. aithog “thorny” ✧ GL/18
  • G. ereg “alone, only” ✧ GL/33
  • G. fadrog “tiresome” ✧ GL/33
  • G. dairog “merry (of persons)” ✧ GL/29
  • G. glamog “loathsome” ✧ GL/39
  • G. golog “stinking” ✧ GL/41
  • G. grileg “ringed, hooped shape” ✧ GL/42
  • G. hadruithog “thirsting for vengeance” ✧ GL/47
  • G. flanthog “scornful” ✧ GL/35
  • G. fenog “venomous” ✧ GL/34
  • G. gwedhweg “meandering, twisting, winding, intricate” ✧ GL/46
  • G. elfeg “half” ✧ GL/32
  • G. gruithog “ferocious, mad with wrath” ✧ GL/42
  • G. âlog “of wood, wooden” ✧ GL/19
  • G. ufestog “breathless”

Variations

  • -eg ✧ GL/31 (-eg); GL/32 (-eg); GL/32 (-eg); GL/33 (-eg); GL/34 (-eg); GL/42 (-eg); GL/46 (-eg)
Gnomish [GL/18; GL/19; GL/23; GL/27; GL/28; GL/29; GL/30; GL/31; GL/32; GL/33; GL/34; GL/35; GL/39; GL/41; GL/42; GL/46; GL/47] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-ra

suffix. adjective suffix

Element in

  • G. gwandra “beautiful” ✧ LT1A/Vána
  • G. gwadhra “habitable” ✧ GL/47
  • G. bodra “back(ward), hinder, rear” ✧ GL/23
  • G. cingra “plaited” ✧ GL/26
  • G. hadra “opposing, facing, opposite; equivalent” ✧ GL/47
  • G. egra “distant, far away” ✧ GL/32
  • G. aithra “piercing, sharp; thorny” ✧ GL/18
  • G. fodra “the last, latest, endmost” ✧ GL/35
  • G. hamra “lowly, lowlying; base” ✧ GL/48
  • G. hagra “seated” ✧ GL/47

Variations

  • -ra ✧ GL/18 (-ra); GL/23 (-ra); GL/26 (-ra); GL/32 (-ra); GL/35 (-ra); GL/47 (-ra); GL/47 (-ra); GL/47 (-ra); GL/48 (-ra); LT1A/Vána (-ra)
Gnomish [GL/18; GL/23; GL/26; GL/32; GL/35; GL/47; GL/48; LT1A/Vána] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-st

suffix. noun suffix

Element in

  • G. haurost “dawn” ✧ GL/20 (aurost)

-th

suffix. plural suffix

Cognates

  • Eq. -r “plural suffix” ✧ GG/10

Derivations

  • G. -tt “dual” ✧ GG/10
    • ᴱ✶-ttǝ “dual” ✧ GG/10

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
G. -tt > -th[-tt] > [-θθ] > [-θ]✧ GG/10

-wed

suffix. adjective suffix

Element in

  • G. caithonwed “original” ✧ GL/24
  • G. celchwed “glassy” ✧ GL/25
  • G. clogwed “stony, stone-covered” ✧ GL/26
  • G. codwed “nutbearing” ✧ GL/26
  • G. dairwed “merry, funny (common)” ✧ GL/29
  • G. deldrinwed “beechen” ✧ GL/30
  • G. drogwed “servile, slavish; base, mean” ✧ GL/31
  • G. faronwed “foreign” ✧ GL/34
  • G. egwed “far, distant” ✧ PE13/113
  • G. fathwed “tasselled” ✧ GL/34
  • G. galwed “brilliant, shining” ✧ PE13/114
  • G. godaithrinwed “grammatical” ✧ GL/40
  • G. gonwed “rocky” ✧ GL/41
  • G. grithonwed “thoughtful, careful; unselfish” ✧ GL/42
  • G. gwavwed “windy” ✧ GL/43
  • G. gwegwed “male” ✧ GL/44
  • G. hilwed “adolescent” ✧ GL/49
  • G. in(d)wed “indoors, at home; homely, domestic(ated)”
  • G. gwinwed “female” ✧ GL/45
  • G. erwed “unique” ✧ GL/33
  • G. fedhwed “lawful”
  • G. calwed “flourishing, adolescent” ✧ GL/25
  • G. fabwed “corpulent” ✧ GL/34
Gnomish [GL/24; GL/25; GL/26; GL/29; GL/30; GL/31; GL/33; GL/34; GL/40; GL/41; GL/42; GL/43; GL/44; GL/45; GL/49; PE13/113; PE13/114] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-weth

suffix. noun suffix

Element in

  • G. bronweth “constancy” ✧ GL/24
  • G. gedweth “kinship†, friendship” ✧ GL/38
  • G. glanweth “cleanliness, purity” ✧ GL/39
  • G. gwalweth “fortune, happiness” ✧ GL/44
  • G. gwegweth “male sex, manhood (state)” ✧ GL/44
  • G. gwinweth “female sex, womanhood (state)” ✧ GL/45
  • G. glenweth “thinness” ✧ GL/39
  • G. nigweth “(snow) storm”
Gnomish [GL/24; GL/38; GL/39; GL/44; GL/45] Group: Eldamo. Published by

to

proper name. To

Cognates

  • Eq. Tombo “Gong (of the Children)” ✧ PE15/07

-thol Reconstructed

suffix. adjective suffix

Element in

Early Noldorin

-ui

suffix. adjective suffix

Element in

  • En. inathui “innumerable” ✧ PE13/148
Early Noldorin [PE13/148] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-eb

suffix. adjectival suffix

Element in

  • En. aglareb “glorious” ✧ PE13/136; PE13/158
  • En. angeb “like iron” ✧ PE13/159
  • G. aitheb “sharp, piercing” ✧ PE13/108
  • En. glidheb “like honey”
Early Noldorin [PE13/108; PE13/136; PE13/158; PE13/159] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

-ina

suffix. adjectival suffix

Element in

  • Eq. angaina “of iron” ✧ QL/031
  • Eq. aksina “steel” ✧ PE15/77
  • Eq. yaksina “of steel” ✧ QL/105
  • Eq. kalassina “brazen” ✧ QL/044
  • Eq. talqina “made of glass” ✧ QL/088
  • Eq. kanuina “of lead” ✧ QL/044
  • Eq. karina “finished” ✧ QL/045
  • Eq. kólemaina “patient” ✧ QL/047
  • Eq. tirtina “divided, shared, distributed” ✧ QL/094
  • Eq. anaina “womanly” ✧ QL/031 (-na)
  • Eq. itisin “itching” ✧ QL/043
  • Eq. kaina “done, actual, real” ✧ QL/043
  • Eq. kuluina “golden”
  • Eq. latsina “level, smooth”
  • Eq. laurina “golden” ✧ QL/051
  • Eq. lúsina “warm, glowing (of things); affectionate, hearty (of people)” ✧ QL/057
  • Eq. lúvin(a) “dark, overcast” ✧ QL/057
  • Eq. malina “yellow” ✧ QL/058
  • Eq. -noina “adjective suffix”
  • Eq. pimpina “trailing” ✧ QL/074
  • Eq. polina “oaten” ✧ QL/075
  • Eq. potsina “rearward, back, rear, hinder; next, following; second” ✧ QL/075
  • Eq. rimp(in)a “striped” ✧ QL/080
  • Eq. rúvina “burst” ✧ QL/081
  • Eq. salistina “blessed” ✧ QL/081
  • Eq. silína “shimmering” ✧ QL/083
  • Eq. siltina “winnowed” ✧ QL/084
  • Eq. sistina “ulcerated, sore” ✧ QL/086
  • Eq. sitsina “habitual, customary, accustomed, usual, ordinary, common” ✧ QL/084
  • Eq. suksina “resinous” ✧ QL/086
  • Eq. sunqelaina “falling, fading, setting” ✧ QL/087
  • Eq. talarin “[unglossed]” ✧ QL/088
  • Eq. tarqin(a) “salted, dried; salt meat” ✧ QL/094
  • Eq. telpina “of silver” ✧ QL/091
  • Eq. tiltin “slanting” ✧ QL/093
  • Eq. sinqina “metallic” ✧ QL/083
  • Eq. torina “baked, done” ✧ QL/094
  • Eq. tambina “of copper” ✧ QL/088
  • Eq. vórina “of fur” ✧ QL/102

Variations

  • -INA ✧ QL/031 (-INA)
  • -na ✧ QL/031 (-na); QL/102 (-na)
  • -in ✧ QL/043 (-in); QL/088 (-in); QL/093 (-in)
Early Quenya [PE15/77; QL/031; QL/043; QL/044; QL/045; QL/047; QL/051; QL/057; QL/058; QL/074; QL/075; QL/080; QL/081; QL/083; QL/084; QL/086; QL/087; QL/088; QL/091; QL/093; QL/094; QL/102; QL/105] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-ine

suffix. noun suffix

Element in

  • Eq. túrin “king(dom)” ✧ QL/095
  • Eq. kólemaine “patience” ✧ QL/047
  • Eq. laulemuine “people of the neighborhood, population” ✧ QL/052
  • Eq. poimine “lather, foam; mermaid” ✧ QL/075
  • Eq. mapalin “plane [tree], sycamore” ✧ QL/057
  • Eq. mulmin “mill” ✧ QL/063
  • Eq. iskane “pallor” ✧ QL/043
  • Eq. sestaine “assimilation, imitation, etc.” ✧ QL/082
  • Eq. paimene “vindictiveness, vengefulness, cruelty” ✧ QL/072
  • Eq. pampine “tremor, earthquake” ✧ QL/072
  • Eq. sunqelaine “sunset” ✧ QL/087
  • Eq. tusturin “match” ✧ QL/096
  • Eq. malkane “torture” ✧ QL/058 (malkane)

Variations

  • -ne ✧ QL/043 (-ne); QL/058 (-ne); QL/072 (-ne); QL/075 (-ne)
  • -in ✧ QL/057 (-in); QL/063 (-in); QL/095 (-in); QL/096 (-in)
Early Quenya [QL/043; QL/047; QL/052; QL/057; QL/058; QL/063; QL/072; QL/075; QL/082; QL/087; QL/095; QL/096] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-lin

suffix. noun suffix

-rin

suffix. noun suffix

Element in

  • Eq. falmarin “sea-fay (male), spirit of the sea foam”
  • Eq. enyarin “device, escutcheon, blazon” ✧ QL/035
  • Eq. lamáre “flock” ✧ QL/050
Early Quenya [QL/035; QL/050] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-i

suffix. plural suffix

Cognates

  • G. -in “plural suffix” ✧ GG/10
Early Quenya [GG/10] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-noina

suffix. adjective suffix

Element in

  • Eq. hestanoina “bearing the nearest consanguinity” ✧ QL/040
  • Eq. vestanoina “related by marriage” ✧ QL/101

Elements

WordGloss
-ina“adjectival suffix”
Early Quenya [QL/040; QL/101] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-ite

suffix. adjective ending

Element in

Early Quenya [QL/039; QL/043; QL/067; QL/088] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-lis

suffix. noun suffix

Element in

  • Eq. arqilis “desert” ✧ QL/032
  • Eq. indolis “domicile” ✧ QL/043
  • Eq. oinalis “ointment” ✧ QL/071
  • Eq. maksilis “lordship” ✧ QL/057
  • Eq. Avestalis “January” ✧ QL/029
  • Eq. sintilis “sparkling as of crystal” ✧ QL/085
  • Eq. qindelis “nun” ✧ QL/077
Early Quenya [QL/029; QL/032; QL/043; QL/057; QL/071; QL/077; QL/085] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ingwe

noun. fish

Changes

  • engweingwe ✧ PE16/145

Cognates

  • G. ing “fish”

Derivations

  • ᴱ√IWI “*fish” ✧ QL/043

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√IWI > ingwe[iŋwi] > [iŋwe] > [iŋgwe]✧ QL/043

Variations

  • engwe ✧ PE16/145 (engwe)
Early Quenya [PE16/145; PME/043; QL/043; QL/049; QL/091; QL/097] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-noite

suffix. adjective suffix

Element in

Elements

WordGloss
-ite“adjective ending”
Early Quenya [PE15/69; QL/039; QL/067; QL/077; QL/080; QL/104] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-voite

suffix. adjective suffix

@@@ sometimes with stem voisi-: kuluvoite, mavoite,

Element in

Elements

WordGloss
-ite“adjective ending”
Early Quenya [QL/029; QL/031; QL/048; QL/049; QL/051; QL/055; QL/057; QL/062; QL/078; QL/083; QL/096; QL/098; QL/100; QL/102] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-a

suffix. adjectival suffix

Element in

  • Eq. aistalea “worshipful” ✧ QL/034
  • Eq. alasta “of marble, marble” ✧ QL/030
  • Eq. aldea “tree-shadowed”
  • Eq. atempa “(strong) dislike” ✧ QL/090
  • Eq. auqa “awkward, clumsy (of things), difficult” ✧ QL/033
  • Eq. aurea “sunny, sunlit” ✧ QL/033
  • Eq. avíka “very much alike”
  • Eq. assea “bony”
  • Eq. talqea “glassy” ✧ QL/088
  • Eq. kityalea “ticklish, susceptible, sensitive” ✧ QL/047
  • Eq. koirea “alive, lively” ✧ QL/048
  • Eq. talanda “burdened, weighed down, sad” ✧ QL/088
  • Eq. fanórea “absent-minded” ✧ QL/037
  • Eq. ekkia “thorny” ✧ QL/035
  • Eq. eressea “lonely”
  • Eq. pómea “northern” ✧ QL/074
  • Eq. hatsea “rushing, rapid” ✧ QL/039
  • Eq. helinillea “*violet [colour]” ✧ QL/039
  • Eq. órea “of the dawn, Eastern” ✧ QL/070
  • Eq. illia “in multitudes” ✧ QL/042
  • Eq. isqalea “clever” ✧ QL/043
  • Eq. kaimassea “confined to bed, a-bed, bedridden” ✧ PE14/079
  • Eq. karneambara “*red-breasted” ✧ QL/048
  • Eq. kiryassea “what is on board ship” ✧ PE14/047
  • Eq. kómea “globe-shaped, round” ✧ QL/047
  • Eq. kotsia “nutty” ✧ QL/048
  • Eq. kulmarinda “orange-coloured” ✧ QL/049
  • Eq. kulurinda “orange-coloured” ✧ QL/049
  • Eq. lassea “with leaves, leafy” ✧ QL/051
  • Eq. latukenda “of tin” ✧ QL/051
  • Eq. laumea “dark, stormy” ✧ QL/051
  • Eq. laurea “golden” ✧ PE15/73
  • Eq. lempea “half” ✧ PE14/051
  • Eq. limpalassea “much roaring” ✧ QL/053
  • Eq. lindelea “melodious” ✧ QL/054
  • Eq. lindea “singing, *musical” ✧ QL/054
  • Eq. lindórea “singing at dawn (esp. of birds)” ✧ QL/054
  • Eq. líneneldora “having many beeches” ✧ QL/053
  • Eq. linqea “watery” ✧ QL/054
  • Eq. lintasarindea “having many willows” ✧ QL/053
  • Eq. lintuilinda “many-swallows of autumn” ✧ QL/053
  • Eq. lintuilindórea “of autumn; when many swallows congregate and sing at dawn”
  • Eq. lintyulussea “having many poplars” ✧ QL/053
  • Eq. liqistea “transparent” ✧ QL/054
  • Eq. listea “full of grace, blessed” ✧ QL/055
  • Eq. lómea “*gloomy”
  • Eq. lómina “shadowy” ✧ QL/055
  • Eq. lótea “full of blossom” ✧ QL/056
  • Eq. lotórea “flourishing” ✧ QL/055
  • Eq. luina “ago” ✧ QL/056
  • Eq. lúlea “sapphirine” ✧ QL/057
  • Eq. lúmia “pertaining to time, temporal” ✧ QL/056
  • Eq. lúrea “overcast, dark [of weather]” ✧ QL/057
  • Eq. maqalea “handy, skilled (with hands)” ✧ QL/057
  • Eq. Makarnea “Red-handed”
  • Eq. maksilistea “powerful, having possession of or authority over” ✧ QL/057
  • Eq. malikondea “of amber” ✧ QL/058
  • Eq. lempea “decimal” ✧ QL/052
  • Eq. melitsa “beloved, favourite” ✧ QL/060
  • Eq. mirmila “rippling” ✧ QL/061
  • Eq. mulda “powdery” ✧ QL/063
  • Eq. murmea “slumbrous” ✧ QL/063
  • Eq. naikelea “agonizing” ✧ QL/065
  • Eq. narka “snappy, ill-tempered” ✧ QL/064
  • Eq. násea “loathsome” ✧ QL/064
  • Eq. niqissea “snowy” ✧ QL/066
  • Eq. nardilea “perfumed” ✧ QL/068
  • Eq. nornea “of oak” ✧ QL/067
  • Eq. kaurea “timid”
  • Eq. númea “in the west, western” ✧ QL/068
  • Eq. nyenya “querulous, tearful, plaintive” ✧ QL/069
  • Eq. olórea “dreamy, dreamlike” ✧ QL/069
  • Eq. palassea “foaming (of the sea)” ✧ QL/072
  • Eq. pampil(e)a “tremulous” ✧ QL/072
  • Eq. pirindea “cylindrical” ✧ QL/074
  • Eq. pirúk(end)ea “pirouetting, whirling lightly” ✧ QL/074
  • Eq. pínea “small” ✧ QL/073
  • Eq. poldórea “muscular, powerful” ✧ QL/075
  • Eq. málea “able” ✧ PE15/67
  • Eq. qentea “verbal” ✧ QL/077
  • Eq. qim(en)ea “womanly, feminine” ✧ QL/077
  • Eq. qirqirinda “murmuring” ✧ QL/078
  • Eq. qalmea “deathly” ✧ QL/076
  • Eq. qalúmea “deadly” ✧ QL/076
  • Eq. qámea “sick” ✧ QL/076
  • Eq. qilda “quiet, hushed, still” ✧ QL/078
  • Eq. qilea “coloured, -hued” ✧ QL/077
  • Eq. qínea “squeaking” ✧ QL/077
  • Eq. qinqelea “languorous” ✧ QL/077
  • Eq. werelinda “twirling, pirouetting” ✧ QL/103
  • Eq. mírea “smiling” ✧ QL/061
  • Eq. raustea “of prey” ✧ QL/079
  • Eq. asampe(a) “cavernous”
  • Eq. rua “steady, still, tranquil” ✧ QL/080
  • Eq. saikelea “famished” ✧ QL/082
  • Eq. salamba “twanging, throbbing, resounding, echoing” ✧ QL/081
  • Eq. saminda “silken” ✧ QL/081
  • Eq. silmea “*of the moon” ✧ QL/056
  • Eq. silqeléna “having tresses” ✧ QL/083
  • Eq. silqelossea “with hair like white flowers” ✧ PE16/100
  • Eq. siliq(in)a “flinty” ✧ QL/083
  • Eq. loimea “thirsty” ✧ QL/056
  • Eq. sunqelea “westering, setting” ✧ QL/087
  • Eq. susúlima “full of wind, windy, airy” ✧ QL/086
  • Eq. telerea “elfin” ✧ QL/091
  • Eq. telella “elfin” ✧ QL/091
  • Eq. telúmea “final, conclusive, end; last; extreme” ✧ QL/091
  • Eq. telpea “silvern” ✧ QL/091
  • Eq. telusta “outer, extreme, ultimate” ✧ QL/091
  • Eq. tendilea “feeling; sentimental” ✧ QL/091
  • Eq. tilwínea “shining” ✧ QL/092
  • Eq. timpina “fine, powdered, sprayed” ✧ QL/092
  • Eq. timpínea “made of spray, full of fine showers, showery (of weather)” ✧ QL/092
  • Eq. tiqilindea “thawing, slushy” ✧ QL/092
  • Eq. tólea “central, middle” ✧ QL/094
  • Eq. túrea “mighty” ✧ QL/095
  • Eq. turinda “royal, of the ruling dynasty; in power” ✧ QL/096
  • Eq. turinqia “royal, Queenly” ✧ QL/096 (turinqia)
  • Eq. ulwea “alder-grown” ✧ QL/097
  • Eq. valdea “of moment, important” ✧ QL/102
  • Eq. valkea “cutting, sharp” ✧ QL/101
  • Eq. vanest(e)a “beautious” ✧ QL/099
  • Eq. vea “similar, like” ✧ QL/101
  • Eq. wilwarinda “butterflylike”
  • Eq. waliemba “tropical” ✧ QL/103
  • Eq. yarendila “like a sailor” ✧ QL/105

Variations

  • -ea ✧ QL/074 (-ea); QL/075 (-ea); QL/077 (-ea); QL/077 (-ea); QL/091 (-ea); QL/092 (-ea); QL/092 (-ea); QL/092 (-ea)
Early Quenya [PE14/047; PE14/051; PE14/079; PE15/67; PE15/73; PE16/100; QL/030; QL/033; QL/034; QL/035; QL/037; QL/039; QL/042; QL/043; QL/047; QL/048; QL/049; QL/051; QL/052; QL/053; QL/054; QL/055; QL/056; QL/057; QL/058; QL/060; QL/061; QL/063; QL/064; QL/065; QL/066; QL/067; QL/068; QL/069; QL/070; QL/072; QL/073; QL/074; QL/075; QL/076; QL/077; QL/078; QL/079; QL/080; QL/081; QL/082; QL/083; QL/086; QL/087; QL/088; QL/090; QL/091; QL/092; QL/094; QL/095; QL/096; QL/097; QL/099; QL/101; QL/102; QL/103; QL/105] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-r

suffix. plural suffix

Cognates

  • G. -th “plural suffix” ✧ GG/10

Variations

  • -r ✧ GG/10
Early Quenya [GG/10] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-ea

suffix. adjectival suffix

-ra

suffix. adjectival suffix

Element in

  • Eq. alkara “brilliant, bright, shining” ✧ QL/030
  • Eq. karkara “toothed” ✧ QL/048
  • Eq. diéra “yesterday’s; (mostly in sense) bygone, over, passed” ✧ QL/105
  • Eq. núora “tomorrow’s, to be; future” ✧ QL/066
  • Eq. panyara “?setting”
  • Eq. tanta(ra) “bouncing, resilient” ✧ QL/094
  • Eq. tessara “maiden, maidenly” ✧ QL/091
  • Eq. oara “of wool” ✧ QL/071
  • Eq. úsiéra “*escaped”
Early Quenya [QL/030; QL/048; QL/066; QL/071; QL/091; QL/094; QL/105] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-re

suffix. noun suffix

Element in

  • Eq. anúre “manliness, masculinity” ✧ QL/031
  • Eq. lotóre “blooming, flowering, best time, flower” ✧ QL/055
  • Eq. qildare “bat” ✧ QL/078
  • Eq. tantare “dance”
  • Eq. tessare “little maid” ✧ QL/091
  • Eq. aldare “wood”
  • Eq. Tuilére “Spring” ✧ QL/096
Early Quenya [QL/031; QL/055; QL/078; QL/091; QL/096] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-se

suffix. adjective suffix

Element in

  • Eq. ankasse(a) “lofty, tall, (lit.) up-headed, high-headed” ✧ QL/030
  • Eq. simpise “piping, whistling” ✧ QL/084
Early Quenya [QL/030; QL/084] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-wa

suffix. adjective suffix

-ya

suffix. adjective suffix

Element in

  • Eq. erya “only, single” ✧ PE14/082
  • Eq. arinya “fireside” ✧ QL/032
Early Quenya [PE14/082; QL/032] Group: Eldamo. Published by